The  James  way 

Hoe  Barn 
Book 


Catalog  No.  26 

Copyright  1919 


James  Manufacturing  Company 

Ft.  Atkinson,  Wis.  Elmira,  N.  Y. 

500  Madison  Ave. 

Ft.  Dodge,  Iowa.  Chicago,  175  W.  Jackson  Blvd. 

Minneapolis,  Broadway  and  Ward  Ave.,  N.  E.  New  York  City,  101  Park  Ave. 


1.  James  Sunny  Hog  Bara,  Dr.  Enoch  Perry,  Harsha,  Wis. 

2.  Iowa  Sunlit  Hog  House,  Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  Ames,  Iowa. 

3.  Half  Monitor  Hog  House,  James  Equipped,  owned  by  the  late  Dr.  Jenkin  Lloyd  Jones,  Chicago. 

4.  Two  Story  Hog  House,  James  Equipped,  Carl  Thompson,  Oakland  City,  Ind. 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


3 


\ 


The  Ideal  Hog-  House 

HOGS  are  grown  for  market  on  more  farms  than  any  other  animal, 
and  one  might  expect  to  find  them,  in  view  of  their  importance  as 
money  makers,  the  best  housed  of  all  the  animals  on  the  farm;  but 
usually  the  opposite  is  the  case. 

Why  the  hog  so  often  is  not  properly  cared  for,  is  hard  to  say;  possibly  it 
is  due  to  the  old  time  notion  that  “anything  is  good  enough  for  a  hog."  Yet 
there  is  no  animal  on  the  farm  which  requires  better  protection  from  cold; 
none  for  which  a  good  bed  is  more  necessary;  and  none  so  much  in  need 
of  sunshine  as  the  little  pig. 

The  horse  and  the  cow  have  good  coats  of  hair  —even  a  calf  or  a  colt  when 
left  in  the  cold  is  provided  with  a  good  fur  coat;  the  hen’s  feathers  are  the  best 
of  protection  against  cold;  but  the  hog  has  almost  nothing  between  his  skin 
and  the  weather. 

One  of  the  first  requisites  for  success  with  hogs  is  a  shelter  where  the 
young  pigs  can  be  kept  warm  and  well  supplied  with  sunshine  and  fresh  air. 

A  little  pig  takes  cold  very  easily  and  recovers  slowly,  if  at  all.  To  pre¬ 
vent  taking  cold,  he  must  be  kept  dry,  warm,  away  from  drafts  and  provided 
with  fresh  air. 

A  dark  barn  means  a  damp  barn;  dampness  makes  chilliness;  a  chilled 
pig  means  an  ill  pig  —  and  too  often  it  means  a  killed  pig. 

The  new  born  pig  farrowed  in  January,  February  or  March,  must  be 
properly  housed  or  it  will  be  unprofitable  to  attempt  to  raise  early  pigs. 

With  a  good  hog  house,  it  becomes  practicable  to  raise  early  pigs  —  and 
early  pigs  are  worth  while  for  several  reasons.  There  is  usually  more  time  to 
care  for  them  early  in  the  spring;  the  early  pigs  are  large  enough  to  begin  to 
eat  as  soon  as  pasture  is  ready  and  thus  get  the  longest  possible  pasture  season, 
making  more  pork  from  grass  than  is  possible  for  later  pigs;  they  can  be  kept 
on  pasture  until  ready  for  market  or  nearly  so;  they  can  make  more  economical 
use  of  all  feed  because  they  can  be  finished  for  market  before  the  cold  weather 
of  winter  sets  in  when  grains  are  more  expensive;  and  usually  the  early  pigs 
can  be  marketed  at  a  time  when  prices  are  higher  than  can  be  obtained  a  little 
later. 

(For  the  subject  matter  of  this  page  and  the  following  pages  relating  to  the  essentials  of  a  hog  house,  we  are  indebted  to  the  U.  S. 
Department  of  Agriculture  bulletin  No.  438  and  to  the  Iowa  Experiment  Station’s  bulletins  on  hog  houses  prepared  by  John  M.  Evvard, 
J.  B  Davidson  and  W.  G.  Kayser.  We  have  not  quoted  verbatim,  but  the  facts  and  arguments  set  forth  by  them  are  unchanged.) 


4 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


1.  James  Sunny  Hog  Barn,  owned  by  Mrs.  Mary  Greek,  DeKalb,  Ill. 

2.  James  Equipped  Half  Monitor  Hog  House  of  Walter  L.  Hill.  Gladstone,  Minn. 

3.  4.  James  Equipped  Hog  Houses,  Broadlawn  Farm,  Newtown  Square,  Pa. 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


5 


And  in  addition  to  these  advantages,  the  early  pig  makes  possible  raising 
two  litters  a  year. 

It  is  economy  to  put  up  first  the  buildings  that  will  help  most  to  make 
money.  Most  farmers  recognize  this  and  build  a  good  barn  before  putting  up 
a  good  house,  saying  “the  barn  will  help  build  the  house,  but  the  house  will 
never  help  build  the  barn.”  This  principle  seems  to  be  lost  sight  of  when  it 
comes  to  the  hog  house,  yet  no  other  building  pays  for  itself  so  quickly. 

The  hog  house  very  frequently  is  the  poorest  building  on  the  farm,  and 
the  least  adapted  to  the  purpose  for  which  it  was  intended.  Good  barns  may 
be  seen  on  a  large  proportion  of  farms,  but  good  hog  houses  are  hard  to  find 
in  most  sections  of  the  country. 

It  is  said  on  excellent  authority  that  good  hog  men  average  about  seven 
pigs  raised  to  the  litter,  and  many  surpass  this  record;  but  it  is  claimed  that 
the  general  average  raised  on  the  farm  does  not  exceed  four  pigs  to  the  litter, 
and  that  this  wide  difference  is  very  largely  due  to  the  housing. 

This  claim  that  the  pig  production  of  the  country  might  almost  be  doubled 
if  proper  housing  were  universal  is  startling  evidence  of  the  need  of  careful 
study  in  the  planning  of  the  hog  house  before  building.  To  aid  in  such  careful 
study  we  present  here  the  main  points  which  the  best  authorities  consider  as 


The  Essentials  of  an  Ideal  Hog  House 

(1)  Warmth:  Reasonably  warm  shelter,  in  season,  with  smallest  ranges 
of  temperature,  is  demanded  by  swine  if  best  returns  in  health  and  profit  are 
to  be  counted  upon. 

The  newly  farrowed  pig  especially  demands  protection.  Early  pig  pro¬ 
duction  is  impossible  without  warm  shelter.  Stock  hogs  thrive  best  when  they 
are  not  compelled  to  shiver  from  cold  and  thus  burn  up  feed  which  would 
otherwise  be  converted  into  tissue.  The  wintering  sow  makes  good  use  of  a 
warm  sleeping  bed.  In  truth,  all  swine  require  reasonably  warm  shelter. 

(2)  Dryness:  To  expect  thrift  in  damp,  musty  quarters  is  not  logical. 
A  dripping  of  condensed  moisture  from  roof  and  walls  is  seriously  objectionable. 
Masonry  construction  which  provides  for  hollow  air  space  commends  itself. 
A  dry  floor  and  dry  tight  roof  and  walls  are  quite  essential. 

(3)  Abundance  of  light  and  direct  sunlight:  Sunlight  is  the  great 
and  universal  germ  destroyer  and  kills  disease-causing  organisms.  It  promotes 
dryness,  warmth  and  ventilation,  thus  bettering  hygienic  conditions. 

Direct  sunlight  gives  suckling  pigs  vigor  and  strength.  Direct  sunlight 
should  strike  part  of  the  interior  of  the  house  at  some  time  during  the  day; 


6 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


Sunshine  on  the  floor  from  early  forenoon  till  late  afternoon;  good  ventilation;  warmth;  easily  cleaned;  dry;  convenient;  can  see  into  every  pen. 

These.are  some  of  the  advantages  of  The  James  Way  in  the  Hog  Barn. 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


7 


and  the  pigs  should  be  well  sunned  especially  in  the  farrowing  months  of 
February,  March  and  April.  The  forenoon  sun  has  unusual  value,  coming 
as  it  does  immediately  after  a  relatively  long,  dark  and  sometimes  cool  and 
damp  night  so  weakening  to  young  and  suckling  pigs.  Much  general  diffused 
light  supplemented  with  direct  sunlight  is  a  happy  combination. 

(4)  Ventilation:  The  hog  demands  an  abundance  of  fresh,  pure  air 
which  should  be  provided  without  subjecting  him  to  injurious  drafts.  Summer 
coolness  is  dependent  largely  on  good  ventilation.  The  hog  suffers  much  in 
a  closely  confined,  ill-ventilated  place  because  he  is  a  productive  animal  that 
usually  works  at  “top  speed;”  especially  is  this  true  when  fattening,  hence 
he  needs  an  abundance  of  untainted  oxygen  for  his  bodily  functions. 

(5)  Sanitation:  The  hog  always  breathes,  eats  and  drinks  close  to  the 
ground.  To  have  everything  conducive  to  cleanliness  is  correct  in  principle 
and  in  practice.  The  regular  removal  of  litter  and  manure  is  important,  and 
the  more  easily  one  can  clean  the  house,  the  more  likely  it  is  to  be  clean.  The 
building  should  be  free  from  inaccessible  cracks  and  openings,  with  smooth 
walls  and  floors  so  constructed  as  to  make  it  easy  to  clean  and,  if  necessary, 
disinfect  the  hog  house  thoroughly.  (Masonry,  tile,  concrete  and  steel  equip¬ 
ment  offer  superior  sanitary  advantages). 

(6)  Safety  and  Comfort:  High  door  sills  frequently  cause  abortion. 
Rough,  uneven  floors  cause  much  discomfort  particularly  to  the  pregnant  sow. 
Slippery  floors  result  in  many  accidents.  Narrow  or  low  doorways  through 
which  swine  must  squeeze  or  crawl  are  objectionable.  Fenders  that  save  the 
lives  of  suckling  pigs  are  quite  indispensable. 

(7)  Convenience:  The  possibilities  of  arrangement  which  may  lessen 
the  time  and  labor  required  is  to  be  kept  uppermost  in  mind.  Particular  con¬ 
sideration  is  well  given  to  suitable  alleyways,  doors  and  windows;  abundant 
water  supply  and  storage  bins;  adjustable  ventilators  and  safety  devices; 
handy  litter  carriers;  feeding  troughs;  room  for  supplies  and  appliances,  feed 
cooker,  water  heater,  stove,  sleeping  cot,  and  so  on;  troughs  arranged  so  as  to 
be  filled  and  cleaned  with  despatch  without  interference  from  hogs;  and  other 
details  of  construction  and  minor  equipment  which  save  steps  and  make  the 
labor  more  producive,  as  well  as  easier. 

(8)  Sufficient  size  to  shelter  advantageously:  Capacity  should  be 
consistent  with  the  number,  weight  and  class  of  hogs  to  be  housed  in  the  various 
seasons.  To  avoid  over-crowding,  have  plenty  of  floor  and  overhead  space; 
ventilation  and  comfort  is  thus  promoted. 

(9)  Durability:  In  general  that  building  giving  the  longest,  continuous 
service  is  the  most  valuable.  A  house  must  withstand  rain,  wind,  hail,  snow, 
temperature  and  the  daily  wear  and  tear  of  actual  usage  so  as  to  endure  for 
the  greatest  term  of  years.  Fireproof  construction  lessens  risk. 


8 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


fa 


1.  Half  Monitor  Hog  House,  Manure  Pit  at  End. 

2,  3,  4.  Half  Monitor  Hog  House,  James  Equipped,  Bailey  Comstock  Co.,  Santa  Rosa,  Calif. 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


9 


(10)  Reasonably  low  first  cost:  This  should  be  consistent  with  the 
service  rendered. 

(11)  Minimum  cost  of  maintenance:  A  maximum  of  satisfactory 
service  for  the  lowest  possible  upkeep  charge  per  animal  per  year  is  the  ideal. 

(12)  Pleasing  appearance:  A  satisfactory  house  harmonizes  with  its 
surroundings,  is  neat  in  architectural  design  and  sensible  in  construction.  In 
general,  to  add  to,  rather  than  detract  from,  the  appearance  of  the  farmstead 
should  be  the  builder’s  ambition. 


The  “Community”  Hog  House 

Piggeries  are  of  two  general  types,  the  large  centralized  house  commonly 
called  the  “Community”  hog  house  and  the  small  individual  movable  hog 
houses. 

The  special  advantages  of  the  “Community”  house  are  well  presented  in 
Bulletin  No.  166  of  the  Iowa  Experiment  Station: 

“(1)  Time  and  labor  required  are  less:  Not  so  much  energy  and 
time  is  necessary  because  — 

(a)  Facilities  for  warming,  feeding,  watering,  dipping,  ringing,  castrating, 
marking,  breeding,  weighing  and  administering  medicine  are  more  convenient 
if  under  one  roof. 

(b)  The  “sunning”  of  the  quarters,  especially  during  the  season  of  early 
litters  is  done  more  quickly  inasmuch  as  a  number  of  houses  do  not  have  to 
be  visited  to  see  that  the  windows  are  not  covered  with  snow  or  sleet,  or  other¬ 
wise  obstructed. 

(c)  The  artificial  exercising  of  young  pigs  that  are  subject  to  thumps  and 
kindred  troubles  is  easily  done  in  the  community  hog  house  alley,  a  number 
of  litters  being  driven  at  the  same  time,  this  being  in  marked  contrast  to  the 
more  individualized  effort  necessary,  practiced  in  the  movable  isolated  house 
system. 

(d)  Ventilation  is  more  readily  controlled  because  but  two  or  three,  hard¬ 
ly  more,  ventilators  within  close  range  need  to  be  visited. 

(e)  The  exhibit  to  prospective  buyers  of  promising  pigs  is  more  quickly 
made. 

(f)  The  hitching  of  the  horse  to  the  feeding  wagon  twice  or  three  times 
daily  is  dispensed  with;  it  is  a  case  of  simply  walking  to  the  community  house 
and  “getting  busy.” 

(g)  With  all  the  sows  under  one  cover  during  the  farrowing  season,  the 
efficiency  of  a  unit  of  labor  is  increased. 


10 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


James  Equipped  Hog  Houses. 
1.  Bailey  Comstock  Co.,  Santa  Rosa,  Calif. 

2  and  4.  James  Sunny  Hog  Barn  of  C.  F.  Bunte,  Barrington,  Ill. 
3.  Carl  Thompson,  Oakland  City,  Ind. 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


11 


(h)  There  is  no  moving  of  a  number  of  houses  to  take  up  one’s  time. 

(i)  The  repairs  and  maintenance  are  more  easily  kept  up  in  one  big 
house  on  a  permanent  foundation,  and  within  relatively  easy  reach  (near  the 
farmstead  buildings),  than  in  a  number  of  small  houses  with  somewhat  unstable 
under-footings  and  generally  widely  scattered.  Those  who  use  the  community 
hog  house  appreciate  its  convenience. 

(2)  Durability  Greater:  The  permanent  house  has  its  evident  advan¬ 
tages.  Its  years  of  service  may  be  increased;  it  permits  of  masonry  construc¬ 
tion,  so  substantial  and  fireproof;  its  floor  is  practically  unmovable,  built  in 
to  stay;  it  has  a  solid  foundation,  absent  in  the  movable  type,  all  making  for 
a  greater  substantiality.  Heavy  winds,  soaking  rains,  driving  hail,  deep 
snows  and  extreme  temperatures  are  more  easily  withstood  in  that  the  structure 
is  naturally  tighter  and  better  built  generally.  The  havoc-wrecking  tornado 
is  not  so  likely  to  tear  the  masonry,  or  even  the  wooden  community  permanent 
house  from  its  foundation  and  supports,  as  in  the  case  of  the  more  movable  type 
of  structure. 

(3)  Lighting  from  Direct  and  Diffuse  Sunlight  More  Practically 
Arranged:  The  direct  sunshine  is  usually  more  practically  secured  in  the  large 
house  because  of  the  better  natural  advantages  of  greater  height,  wider  and 
longer  dimensions,  and  bigger  roof.  Greater  provision  can  also  be  made  for 
indirect  lighting,  inasmuch  as  the  type  of  construction  permits  of  this  with 
comparative  ease  and  safety.  At  best  it  is  more  difficult,  because  of  the  extra 
manipulation  of  doors  and  windows,  to  flood  the  small  house  with  as  much 
light  in  proportion  to  the  interior  as  in  the  more  ideal  community  type. 

(4)  Ventilation  may  be  More  Systematic:  The  ventilators  are  easily 
adjustable.  The  principles  of  successful  ventilation  are  more  easily  introduced 
in  the  larger  type  inasmuch  as  there  is  greater  opportunity  for  air  ducts  and 
flues.  The  overhead  space  is  larger  in  proportion  to  the  occupants’  live  weight, 
thus  requiring  a  less  frequent  changing  of  air. 

(3)  Close  Attention  to  the  Herd  Quite  Possible:  Vigilant  attention 
is  of  prime  importance  at  crucial  times,  such  as  at  farrowings;  with  sows  under 
one  roof  this  becomes  easy  and  practical.  It  is  impossible  to  attend  closely 
a  number  of  farrowing  sows  scattered  widely  in  separate  houses. 

(6)  Herdsman  Experiences  a  Minimum  of  Exposure:  The  swine- 
man  does  his  work  largely  indoors  and  is  independent  to  a  considerable  extent 
of  weather  conditions,  as  he  is  under  water-tight  cover  and  surrounded  by  warm 
protective  walls.  In  the  busy  farrowing  season  the  caretaker  may  sleep  in  the 
general  office  room,  or  near  to  the  stove,  and  thus  be  on  hand  for  emergencies; 
this  without  undue  exposure  in  frequent  nightly  visits  to  a  number  of  outlying 
individual  houses. 


12 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


(7)  Feed  Storage,  Water  Supply  and  General  Rooms  Very 
Practical:  The  great  convenience  of  indoor  feed  bins  and  water  taps  is 
clear.  A  mixing  room  equipped  with  soaking,  heating  and  cooking  devices 
near  to  the  feeding  alley  is  easily  possible. 

The  general  office  and  sleeping  room  appeals  to  many.  The  scales  for 
weighing  may  be  placed  in  the  work  room  or  in  the  alley,  and  likewise  shelves 
may  be  built  to  hold  all  of  the  small  equipment  and  medicines  necessary. 
The  hurdles  and  troughs,  breeding  crates,  ringing  chutes,  self-feeders,  automatic 
waterers  and  so  on  may  be  stored  with  satisfaction.  Storage,  water  and 
general  conveniences  requiring  sheltered  space  are  impractical  in  small  movable 
houses. 

(8)  Sanitation  may  be  Encouraged:  Substantial,  smooth,  vermin- 
proof  masonry  construction  is  standard  in  the  real  permanent  community 
house.  With  smooth  floors  made  of  clay  block,  covered  with  an  inch  to  an 
inch  and  a  half  layer  of  concrete,  the  cleaning  of  the  house  is  greatly  facilitated 
and  encouraged. 

The  inaccessible  cracks  that  harbor  lice,  mange,  and  other  parasites  may 
thus  be  eliminated  with  all  their  attendant  ills.  The  open-cracked  wooden 
floor  and  walls  in  the  movable,  and  sometimes  in  the  community  type,  are 
objectionable. 

The  sanitary  disposal  of  liquid  waste  through  a  sanitary  drainage  system 
commends  itself;  this  is  made  possible  by  the  permanent  location  and  justifies 
the  expense  necessary  for  a  permanent  sewage  system. 

Manurial  litter  is  removed  to  the  fields  more  easily,  hence  it  is  more  likely 
to  be  done;  the  litter  carrier,  which  may  be  easily  installed,  also  encourages  the 
removal  of  wastes. 

Then,  too,  the  large  house  being  more  accessible,  encourages  more  frequent 
attention  to  sanitation.  With  a  concrete  approach  on  the  entrance  door  side 
of  the  house  there  is  less  probability  of  mud  and  filth  being  carried  into  the 
nest  than  where  the  doors  open  directly  on  to  the  earth’s  natural  surface. 

The  wide  progressive  band  of  continuous  sunlight  that  sweeps  its  way 
across  the  entire  interior  commends  itself  to  those  who  are  seeking  solution  of 
the  swine  house  sanitation  problem.  The  flood  of  diffuse  light  that  pervades 
every  nook  and  corner  needs  to  be  recalled  for  emphasis  sake. 

(9)  Vermin  may  be  Eliminated:  Rats,  mice  and  other  pestiferous  ani¬ 
mals  need  to  be  discouraged.  Concrete  or  clay  block  construction  not  practical 
with  the  movable  type,  discourages  the  corn  eating  rodents.  Concrete,  or  a 
combination  of  concrete  and  hollow  clay  block  floors,  rightly  built,  keep  out 
all  vermin. 

(10)  Site  Selection  Simple:  One  site  may  be  picked  quite  easily, 
whereas  several  may  be  chosen  with  difficulty;  in  reality,  there  is  usually  one 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


13 


best  site  on  every  farm,  and  this  may  be  occupied  by  one  permanent  house 
but  hardly  with  a  large  number  of  movable  ones. 

(11)  May  be  More  Serviceable:  Will  house  the  large  cattle  and 
horses  in  addition  to  the  smaller  animals,  if  necessary,  at  times.  The  small 
house  cannot  very  well  shelter  the  cow  or  horse  because  the  small  entrance 
doors  and  low  roof  prohibit  it. 

(12)  Heating  the  House  is  Comparatively  Easy:  Uniform  heating 
is  convenient  inasmuch  as  a  single  stove  will  be  sufficient  in  houses  of  ordinary 
size.  The  troublesome  attention  necessary  when  many  lanterns  or  small  heaters, 
as  well  as  ventilators,  are  to  be  looked  after,  is  self-evident.  A  large  supply 
of  fuel  may  be  gathered  under  cover  for  a  considerable  period.  The  permanent 
house  properly  built  is  naturally  warmer  in  that  the  wind  does  not  carry  under 
the  floor  and  thus  induce  drafts;  of  course,  with  the  movable  type  the  floors 
may  be  banked  to  exclude  the  wind,  but  banking  is  more  practical  when  done 
to  one  house  than  to  many. 

( 1 3)  Common  Feeding  Floor  and  Water  Wallow  More  Likely  to  be 
Used:  With  the  permanent  house  a  central,  community  feeding  floor  is  more 
likely  to  be  built  inasmuch  as  the  question  of  location  is  somewhat  simplified 
because  of  the  permanence  of  the  structure. 

(14)  Dangers  Less  than  with  Large  Numbers  of  Houses  in  Com¬ 
mon  Yard:  The  huddling  and  piling  up  which  is  oftimes  a  bugbear  when 
several  small  movable  houses  are  used  together  is  largely  avoided  in  the 
warm,  permanent  house  of  large  capacity. 

(15)  Provides  Headquarters  for  the  Swine  Farm  Operations:  The 
community  house  is  a  general  center  for  all  activities;  as  a  distributing  point 
it  has  manifest  advantages.  The  office  in  some  community  houses  serves  as 
an  excellent  place  to  do  clerical  and  other  inside  work.  It  is  well  to  have  a 
general  building  that  serves  as  a  pivot  around  which  all  operations  revolve. 

(16)  Fire  and  Other  Risks  may  be  Minimized:  Cement  or  clay 
block  in  the  construction  of  walls  and  floors  is  most  highly  recommended,  and 
together  with  such  material  as  asbestos  roofing  decrease  the  fire  and  other 
general  risks.  This  all  means  low  insurance  —  lower  than  is  possible  with  tem¬ 
porary  wooden  structures. 

Sometimes,  however,  some  of  these  very  good  fireproof  features,  such  as 
the  tile  or  slate  roof,  are  too  costly  to  include. 

The  efficient  small  house  to  date,  movable  though  it  is  and  easily  isolated, 
is  built  largely  of  readily  burnable  wood.  The  case  of  the  metal  hog  house, 
although  somewhat  fireproof,  is  such  that  its  conductivity,  lightness,  and  lack 
of  substantiality  discourages  its  successful  use  in  housing  swine.  Of  course, 
small  houses,  not  movable,  can  be  built  of  masonry. 


14 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


(17)  Grouped  Swine  Become  Better  Acquainted:  A  number  of 
swine  kept  in  a  community  house  with  open  partitions  separating  them  learn 
to  know  each  other  quite  well,  and  thus  when  they  are  turned  together  there 
is  less  quarreling;  the  opposite  is  true  with  isolated  swine,  especially  sows; 
they  ofttimes  cause  severe  injuries,  loss  of  flesh  and  sometimes  death  in  their 
preliminary  fighting,  which  seems  to  be  a  necessary  prelude  to  their  becoming 
acquainted. 

(18)  Makes  Possible  Adjustable  Pens:  The  removable  partitions 
may  be  so  manipulated  as  to  throw  the  entire  house  into  one  large  pen;  or, 
different  combinations  of  the  units  may  be  made,  such  as  making  two,  or 
three,  or  four  pens  into  one. 

(19)  Advertising  Value  Greater:  The  impressiveness  of  the  large, 
permanent,  centralized  community  house  is  not  easily  offset.  A  large,  roomy, 
well-lighted  house,  equipped  with  durable  and  up-to-date  convenient  fixtures, 
somehow  appeals  to  the  average  man  more  forcefully  than  the  smaller  house, 
no  matter  how  ingeniously  built. 

(20)  Complements  the  Movable  House:  A  complete,  symmetrical 
system  of  housing  is  made  possible  by  the  happy  combination  of  the  community 
and  movable  types;  one  reciprocally  adds  to  the  other  sufficiently  to  make  a 
rather  perfect  whole.  Provision  for  all  ordinary  emergencies  is  made  in  that 
system  of  housing  whereby  the  community  is  supplemented  by  houses  of  the 
movable  type.” 

There  are  three  general  types  of  community  hog  houses: 


The  South  Window  Type 

(1)  A  one-story  building  placed  East  and  West  with  windows  on  the 
South.  Sometimes  this  is  merely  of  a  shed  construction  with  one  row  of  pens; 
sometimes  what  is  known  as  a  half  Monitor  type  with  one  row  of  pens  getting 
the  light  from  South  windows  above  as  illustrated  on  page  15;  or  with  rows  of 
pens,  one  row  being  lighted  by  the  upper  windows,  the  other  by  the  lower. 

This  type  of  house  became  standard  because 
it  had  certain  recognized  points  of  merit  which 
commended  themselves  to  swine  producers. 

When  the  windows  are  placed  at  the  right 
height,  direct  sunlight  will  shine  into  both  rows  of 
pens  for  some  time  during  the  day.  It  is,  however, 
necessary  to  have  the  windows  placed  exactly  right,  depending  on  the  size  of 
the  pens,  the  exact  date  sunlight  is  required,  and  the  latitude,  if  this  type 
of  house  is  to  render  satisfactory  service. 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


15 


It  has  the  further  advantage  that  the  use  of  vertical  windows  does  not 
admit  an  excessive  amount  of  sunlight  during  the  summer  months.  This 


Half  Monitor  Hog  House  of  F.  H.  Boyle,  Fond  du  Lac,  Wis.  James  Designed  and  James  Equipped. 


advantage  is  of  minor  importance  since  the  hogs  are  in  the  barn  but  little 
during  the  daytime  in  the  hot  season. 

This  type  of  hog  barn  has  a  serious  disadvantage  in  that  a  large  amount 
of  space  must  be  enclosed  for  no  other  purpose  than  to  provide  sufficient  sun¬ 
light.  The  ceiling  is  high  (14'  or  more)  making  the  building  difficult  to  heat. 
Then,  too,  portions  of  the  interior  never  come  under  the  influence  of  direct 
sunlight,  as  for  instance  part  of  the  floor  near  the  South  wall. 

The  special  advantage  of  this  type  of  hog  house  —  that  of  getting  sunlight 
into  both  rows  of  pens  at  the  same  time  is  provided  to  an  even  greater  extent 
in  the  James  Sunny  Hog  Barn;  and  the  James  Sunny  Hog  Barn  has  many 
advantages  not  found  in  the  half  Monitor  type. 


Iowa  Sunlit  Hog  House 

(2)  The  Iowa  Sunlit  Hog  House  has  two  distinguishing  features: 

(a)  The  locating  of  the  windows  in  the  roof,  furnishing  direct  sunlight  to 
all  parts  of  the  house,  (b)  Low  walls  used  with  the  idea  of  reducing  the  cost 
of  construction;  and  also  making  the  building  easier  to  heat. 

The  low  height  of  the  building  is  made  possible  by  the  transfer  of  the 
windows  from  the  walls  to  the  roof;  the  side  walls  may  be  as  low  as  4'  or 


16 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


although  usually  built  5'  2"  high.  The  hog  does  not  need  a  high  ceiling  and 
therefore  the  walls  need  only  to  be  high  enough  to  be  convenient  for  the  attend¬ 
ant. 

In  order  that  the  sun  may  shine  through  the  roof  windows  from  early 
morning  till  evening  requires  that  this  type  of  house  extend  North  and  South; 
although  when  necessity  demands  that  the  house  be  built  so  as  to  have  the  long 
axis  East  and  West,  the  construction  may  be  modified  by  placing  two  rows  of 
skylight  windows  on  the  half  of  the  roof  exposed  to  the  South. 


Cross  Section  of  Iowa  Sunlit 
Hog  House 


When  Placed  East  and  West,  Two  Rows  of 
Windows  are  Used  in  South  Roof. 


The  windows  extend  in  a  continuous  row  from  one  end  of  the  house  to  the 
other,  making  it  possible  for  absolutely  all  of  the  floor,  not  merely  a  portion,  to 
come  under  the  influence  of  direct  sunlight  sometime  during  the  day.  Rarely, 
in  the  usual  construction,  does  the  direct  sunlight  from  a  window  cover  more 
than  a  very  small  portion  of  the  floor  surface  in  its  travel  across  the  floor  during 
a  day. 

With  this  type  of  house  the  sun  does  not  shine  in  both  rows  of  pens  at 
the  same  time. 

The  sunlight  in  the  early  days  of  March  at  Ames,  Iowa,  (longitude  93 
West,  latitude  42  North)  is  on  the  floor  of  the  West  pens  from  about  9  o’clock 
until  nearly  1  o’clock  with  direct  sunlight  shining  into  the  East  pens  for  a 
corresponding  period  in  the  afternoon. 


Iowa  Sunlit  Hog  House  at  Ames.  Iowa. 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


17 


Although  the  sunlight  does  not  fall  in  both  rows  of  pens  at  the  same  time, 
nevertheless  the  house  is  so  thoroughly  filled  with  a  flood  of  light  as  to  make 
living  conditions  highly  satisfactory. 

One  of  the  most  effective  sanitary  agents  is  direct  sunlight  and  it  is  for 
this  reason  that  so  much  emphasis  is  placed  upon  sunlight  in  describing  this 
type  of  house. 

The  windows  placed  as  they  are  would  be  subject  to  breakage  from  hail, 
but  it  is  an  easy  matter  to  protect  them  by  placing  over  them  screen  of 
mesh,  or  smaller.  Frequency  of  hail  storms  in  any  particular  locality  will 
determine  the  advisability  of  using  such  protective  screens. 

That  sunlight  is  an  important  factor  in  a  hog  house  has  been  fully  demon¬ 
strated  by  the  use  of  this  construction.  Without  exception,  the  users  of  this 
type  of  house  are  enthusiastic  about  the  results  obtained  with  the  early  spring 
litters.  Sunlight  unquestionably  has  an  invigorating  effect  upon  young  pigs. 

In  a  well-lighted  house  such  as  this,  the  number  of  pigs  killed  from  their 
mothers  lying  upon  them  is  reduced  to  a  minimum.  At  the  Iowa  Agricultural 
Experiment  Station  the  number  of  pigs  saved,  per  litter,  has  been  increased 
since  the  introduction  of  the  sunlit  house. 

Experience  has  also  demonstrated  that  the  loss  of  heat  during  the  night 
with  this  method  of  lighting  is  not  excessive  although  the  skylight  windows 
give  off  more  heat  than  material  having  a  greater  insulating  value.  It  has 
been  found  that  this  possible  objection  has  little  weight. 


Iowa  Sunlit  Hog  House,  Council  Hill  Farm  ;Red  Oak,  Okla. 


18 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


With  the  James  Steel  Pens,  70%  of  the  sunshine  falling  on  the  panels  reaches  the  pen  floor;  with 

wooden  pens,  only  20%  gets  to  the  floor. 


i  M 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


19 


The  James  Sunny  Hog  Barn 

(3)  The  James  Sunny  Hog  Barn,  although  a  modification  of  the  Iowa 
Sunlit  type,  has  certain  additional,  distinctive  claims  that  entitle  it  to  be 
classed  as  a  separate  type  of  hog  barn. 

(a)  The  arrangement  of  windows  is  such  that  every  pen  in  the  barn  has 
its  spot  of  sunshine  and  sun  warmth  (not  in  the  West  row  only,  nor  in  the  East 
row  only,  but  in  every  pen)  for  many  hours  during  the  middle  of  the  day. 

(b)  The  side  windows  admit  the  direct  sunlight  to  the  floor  of  the  pens 
much  earlier  in  the  day  than  the  windows  near  the  ridge,  thus  direct  sunlight 
strikes  the  West  pens  earlier  in  the  day  and  the  East  pens  later  in  the  afternoon 
than  in  the  Sunlit  type  of  house. 


A  James  Sunny  hog  barn  at  latitude  42  would,  on  March  21 ,  give  sunshine 
on  the  pen  floors  for  9  hours  and  40  minutes. 

As  soon  as  the  sun's  rays  in  the  morning  are  7  degrees  from  the  horizontal 
the  sun  begins  to  shine  on  the  floors  of  the  West  pens. 

At  longitude  90,  latitude  42,  on  March  21,  this  would  be  about  7:10  A*.  M. 

In  the  afternoon  the  sunshine  would  leave  the  floor  of  the  East  row  of  pens 
when  the  sun’s  rays  reach  7  degrees  from  the  horizontal.  At  latitude,  longitude 
and  date  given  above  this  would  be  about  4:50  P.  M. 

In  the  forenoon  when  the  sun’s  rays  are  at  an  angle  of  about  30  degrees 
from  the  horizontal  the  spots  of  sunshine  and  sun  warmth  will  be  on  the  floors 
of  every  pen  in  the  barn;  and  will  continue  to  shine  on  the  floor  of  every  pen 
in  the  barn  until  the  sun’s  rays  in  the  afternoon  reach  the  angle  of  30  degrees 
from  the  horizontal. 

The  James  Sunny  hog  barn,  therefore,  not  only  furnishes  sunlight  on  the 
pen  floors  for  more  hours  during  the  day,  but  for  a  number  of  hours  during  the 
middle  of  the  day  there  is  a  spot  of  sunshine  and  sun  warmth  in  every  pen. 

(Continued  to  Page  22) 


20 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


The  James  Sunny  Hog  Barn  Lets  the  Sun  Shine  In 


1 .  The  first  rays  of  the  rising  sun 
strike  the  ceiling  on  the  west  side  and  then 
sweeping  down  the  west  wall,  bathes  it  in 
sunshine. 


2.  If  the  barn  is  placed  northwest  to 
southeast,  spots  of  sunshine  and  sun- 
warmth  begin  to  appear  on  the  floors  in 
the  west  pens,  as  soon  as  the  sun’s  rays 


fall  at  an  angle  of  7°  from  the  horizontal. 
At  latitude  42,  longitude  90,  March  21st 
for  example,  this  would  be  at  7 : 1  0  A.  M. 

If  the  barn  is  placed  north  and  south, 
the  sunshine  on  the  floor  begins  when  the 


sun’s  rays  are  1 0°  8'  0"  from  the  hor¬ 
izontal.  At  latitude  42,  longitude  90, 
March  21st,  this  would  be  at  7:45  A.  M. 

3.  From  the  time  the  sun  shines  first 
upon  the  floor  until  a  similar  hour  in  the 
afternoon,  there  are  spots  of  sun  in  one 
row  of  pens,  or  the  other,  or  both,  except 
for  a  very  few  moments  at  the  point  shown 
in  figures  3  and  1  1 . 


4.  When  the  sun’s  rays  are  about  30“ 
from  the  horizontal,  as  shown  in  figure  4, 
there  is  a  spot  of  sunshine  in  every  pen  in 
the  barn,  if  south  end  windows  are  provided. 


(See  Fig.  14.)  This  continues  until  the 
sun’s  rays  reach  a  similar  angle  in  the 
afternoon  (Fig.  10).  For  about  two- 


thirds  of  the  time,  therefore,  between  sun¬ 
rise  and  sunset,  regardless  of  latitude, 
longitude  or  date,  there  is  sunshine  on  the 
floor  of  every  pen  in  a  Jamesway  Sunny 
Hog  Barn. 


21 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


5.  At  this  point,  two  spots  of  sunshine 
appear  in  the  west  pens. 


6.  As  the  sun  approaches  the  meridian, 
the  west  wall  gets  another  sun  bath,  through 
the  west  side  windows. 


pear  in  every  pen. 

8.  As  the  sun  leaves  the  meridian,  the 
east  wall  gets  sunshine  through  the  east  side 
windows. 

9.  Two  spots  of  sunshine  in  each  east 
pen. 

I  0.  See  paragraph  4. 

1  1 .  See  paragraph  3. 

1 2.  When  the  barn  is  placed  north¬ 
west  and  southeast,  the  sunshine  does  not 
leave  the  floors  of  the  last  pens  until  the 
sun  rays  are  within  7  degrees  of  the  horizon¬ 
tal  (which  is  at  sunset).  If  located  north 
to  south,  this  occurs  when  the  rays  are  10u 
8'  0"  from  the  horizontal. 

At  latitude  42,  longitude  90,  March 
21st,  for  example,  this  would  be  at  4:30 
P.  M.  and  4:15  P.  M.,  respectively. 


For  about  seven-eighths  of  the  time  be¬ 
tween  sunrise  and  sunset,  the  sun  can 


shine  upon  pen  floors  in  the  James  Sunny 
Hog  Barn. 


I  3.  Sun’s  rays  horizontal  at  sunset. 


1 4.  Arrangement  of  windows  recom¬ 
mended  for  south  end,  to  insure  as  much 
sunlight  in  pens  next  the  south  wall,  as  in 
the  other  parts  of  the  barn. 


22 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


If  the  barn  is  so  placed  that  its  long  axis  is  from  North  to  South,  the  sun’s 
rays  begin  to  reach  the  pen  floors  (and  leave  the  pen  floors  in  the  afternoon) 
when  the  sun’s  rays  are  10  degrees,  8  minutes  from  the  horizontal.  Thus,  at 
latitude  42,  longitude  90,  March  21,  the  sunshine  first  reaches  the  pen  floors 
about  7:45  A.  M.  and  leaves  about  4:15  P.  M.,  a  period  of  8  hours,  30 
minutes. 

The  hour  at  which  the  sun’s  rays  first  reach  the  pen  floors  and  leave  the 
pen  floors  varies  according  to  latitude,  longitude  and  date.  In  a  general  way, 
however,  one  can  figure  that  with  the  James  Way  Sunny  hog  barn  located 
Northwest  and  Southeast,  sunshine  will  fall  on  the  pen  floors  90  per  cent, 
t if  North  and  South  85  per  cent.)  of  the  time  between  sunrise  and  sunset. 

For  approximately  two-thirds  of  the  time  between  sunrise  and  sunset, 
there  will  be  a  spot  of  sunshine  and  sun  warmth  in  every  pen  in  the  barn. 

(c)  The  low  wall  (3'  2-f-")  effects  greater  economy  of  material. 

(d)  The  lower  height  of  ceiling  (10'  2"  maximum)  makes  the  building 
easy  to  heat.  The  gambrel  construction  provides  a  low  ceiling,  yet  at  the  same 
time  gives  sufficient  head  room  near  the  wall. 

(e)  The  design  of  the  roof  is  such  that  no  crossties  are  required  which 
interfere  with  the  sun’s  rays.  All  the  sunshine  which  passes  through  the 
windows  is  left  free  to  do  its  work  excepting  for  shadows  cast  by  the  pens. 

It  is  important  to  note  that  pens  constructed  of  wood  in  the  usual  way, 
stop  80%  of  the  sunlight  which  falls  upon  the  pen  panels.  With  the  James 
sanitary  steel  pens,  only  30%  of  the  sunlight  falling  upon  the  panels  is  lost. 

With  the  wooden  pens,  not  more  than  20%  of  the  sunlight  falling  upon  the 
panel  reaches  the  pen  floor;  with  the  James  steel  pen  70%  is  effective. 

(f)  Better  ventilation.  The  lower  windows  can  be  tilted,  if  desired, 
allowing  a  flow  of  air  to  pass  through  the  building.  The  windows  are  high 
enough  so  the  drafts  will  be  above  and  not  directly  on  the  animals. 

(g)  Pleasing  appearance. 

THE  JAMES  SUNNY  HOG  BARN  IS  THE  IDEAL  HOG  BARN. 

Thus,  it  will  be  seen  that  the  James  Sunny  Hog  Barn  fulfills  better  than  any 
other  type,  the  requirements  of  the  ideal  building  for  the  purpose  —  warmth, 
dryness,  abundance  of  light  and  direct  sunlight,  ventilation,  sanitation,  safety 
and  comfort,  convenience,  durability,  reasonably  low  first  cost,  minimum  cost 
of  maintenance,  and  pleasing  appearance. 

Sunny  Hog  Barn  Plans  Free 

Details  of  construction  are  not  given  in  this  book,  but  we  shall  be  glad  to 
furnish  stock  blue  prints  free  to  anyone  who  contemplates  building.  In  asking 
for  the  blue  prints,  please  inform  us  whether  you  are  planning  to  use  a  litter 
carrier,  whether  you  have  in  mind  installing  steel  or  wood  pens,  the  approximate 
size  of  pens  you  desire,  and  number  of  pens,  in  order  that  we  may  supply  you 
with  blue  prints  most  nearly  corresponding  with  the  barn  you  want  to  build. 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


23 


James  Steel  Hog  Pens 

The  James  sanitary  steel  hog  pen  lets  the  sunshine  in. 

The  old-style  wooden  pen  keeps  most  of  the  sunshine  out. 

In  the  pictures  on  page  18,  80%  of  the  sunshine  which  falls  upon  the 
wood  front  panel  is  kept  out  of  the  pen  by  the  wide  boards;  but  with  the 
James  steel  pen  panel  only  30%  is  lost. 

The  James  steel  panel  allows  three  times  as  much  sunshine  to  pass  into  the 
pens  and  reach  the  pen  floor;  and  unless  sunshine  reaches  the  pen  floor  it  does 
but  little  good. 

With  tile,  cement  or  cork  brick  floors;  cement  tile  or  masonry  walls;  and 
James  steel  pens  and  James  labor-saving  equipment,  it  becomes  an  easy  matter 
to  keep  the  hog  barn  clean. 

In  wood  pens,  there  are  millions  of  tiny  crevices  to  catch  and  hold  dust 
and  germs.  Wood  is  difficult  to  clean.  The  smooth  surfaces  of  James  pens 
are  easy  to  clean  are  easy  to  disinfect,  if  that  is  necessary. 

James  pens  aid  the  little  pigs  in  their  development  by  letting  the  sunshine 
in  and  by  improving  ventilation. 

They  cut  down  labor  bills,  both  in  feeding  the  pigs  and  in  cleaning  the  barn. 

The  pen  floors  are  always  drier  with  James  pens  than  with  wooden  pens, 
because  the  sunlight  has  access  to  every  square  foot  of  floor  space,  and  because 
the  steel  pen  interferes  least  with  proper  circulation  of  air. 

It  is  a  noticeable  fact  that  in  a  James  equipped  hog  barn  the  hogs  seem 
much  more  contented  than  ordinarily,  because  of  their  ability  to  see  about. 
It  is  also  possible  for  the  attendant  to  see  into  every  pen  from  any  part  of  the 
barn.  (Note  picture  on  page  6.) 

James  steel  pens  are  durable,  the  first  cost  being  the  only  cost,  whereas 
wooden  pens  rot  out  in  time,  necessitating  the  replacing  of  the  entire  outfit 
and  in  the  end  costing  more  than  the  steel. 

James  pens  are  pleasing  in  appearance  and  a  source  of  lifetime  satisfaction 
to  the  purchaser. 


The  Pig  Fenders 

Too  much  stress  cannot  be  placed  upon  the  importance  of  pig  fenders. 

When  the  sow  lies  down,  the  fenders  will  prevent  her  from  crushing  the 
little  pigs  against  the  wall;  they  will  simply  be  shoved  under  this  rail  and  be 
protected  in  the  space  between  the  rail  and  the  panel.  They  can  then  run 
around  to  the  front  side  of  the  mother. 


24 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


25 


The  pig  fender  should  be  8"  above  the  floor  and  the  same  distance  from 
the  panel,  and  should  extend  around  three  sides  of  the  pen.  It  is  not  needed 
in  front  because  of  the  feed  trough. 

The  James  pig  fender  may  be  swung  up  out  of  the  way  after  the  little  pigs 
are  able  to  take  care  of  themselves,  and  the  fender  is  no  longer  needed.  Lifting 
the  pig  fender  transforms  the  pen  into  a  very  satisfactory  feeding  pen. 

The  Swinging  Panel 

The  swinging  front  panel  will  appeal  to  every  man  who  has  ever  taken  an 
active  part  in  hog  feeding.  It  does  away  with  any  need  of  straddling  the 
fence  and  kicking  the  old  sow  in  the  ribs,  at  the  same  time  trying  to  keep 
the  little  pigs  away  from  the  trough,  while  attempting  to  pour  in  the  liquids. 

An  ingenious  device  makes  it  possible  to  swing  the  panel,  by  means  of  a 
ever  at  the  front  of  the  pen.  This  is  shown  in  the  illustration,  page  24. 

The  front  panel  is  equipped  with  a  latch  for  holding  the  trough  up  out  of 
the  way  when  not  in  use;  when  in  this  position  the  trough  drains  itself  and 
will  be  kept  free  from  dirt,  and  easily  flushed  clean  with  water. 

The  panels  between  pens  are  so  constructed  that  they  may  be  swung  up 
and  locked  out  of  the  way,  thus  turning  two  or  more  pens  into  one  larger  pen. 

THE  PIG  STOP:  A  small  panel  is  provided  at  end  of  the  trough  to 
serve  as  a  pig  stop. 


Tilting  Trough 

The  trough  is  of  a  peculiar  design  which  prevents  trouble  from  liquids  in 
the  trough  freezing;  with  the  sloping  sides  the  contents  rise  as  it  freezes. 

The  shape  of  the  trough  also  allows  the  pigs  to  get  every  bit  of  the  con¬ 
tents;  at  the  same  time  the  trough  will  drain  very  easily. 

When  the  trough  is  tilted,  it  gives  the  hogs  that  much  more  room  in  the 
pen  and  makes  it  easier  to  clean  the  floor. 

Like  all  James  goods,  the  hog  trough  is  of  unusually  strong  construction 
and  should  last  as  long  as  the  pen. 

This  new  swinging  panel,  together  with  the  James  pig  fender  and  the 
tilting  feed  trough  are  the  biggest  improvements  ever  made  on  a  hog  pen. 


Pen  Construction 

The  corner  posts,  the  gate  posts,  and  on  exceptionally  long  panels,  inter¬ 
mediate  posts,  extend  through  the  concrete  curb  and  into  the  solid  floor;  these 
posts  support  the  panels  and  are  spaced  no  farther  apart  than  9  ' . 


James 

Tubular  Pen  Anchor 


27 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 

The  uprights  are  held  securely  to  the  horizontals  at  the  top  and  bottom 
by  heavy  malleable  inserts  with  flanges  which  fit  into  ends  of  uprights  and 
into  holes  drilled  in  the  horizontals,  making  a  smooth,  neat  panel  that  is  easy 
to  keep  clean.  The  panels  are  bolted  together  by  tV"  special  bolts,  spaced 
seven  spindles  apart.  All  bolts  used  are  heavy  cut  thread  bolts  —  the  most 
expensive  kind,  but  which  can  be  depended  upon  to  hold. 


James  Pens  are  Easy  to  Set  Up 

The  James  pens  are  most  easily  erected.  They  are  shipped  from  the 
factory  all  ready  assembled  in  panels,  the  gates  being  shipped  already  built. 

To  erect  the  pen,  all  that  is  necessary  is  to  set  the  corner,  intermediate 
and  gate  posts  in  the  tubular  anchors  (which  will  have  already  been  placed 
in  the  concrete  curb)  bolt  the  panel  to  the  posts;  and  fill  the  tubular  anchors 
with  cement.  As  soon  as  this  cement  sets  your  pen  is  solid. 

This  method  effects  a  great  saving  in  the  cost  of  erection.  The  anchors 
are  the  only  part  of  the  pens  required  to  be  on  the  ground  at  the  time  the  con¬ 
crete  work  is  done.  The  contractor  can  go  right  ahead  finishing  the  cement 
work  and  the  pens  may  be  set  up  at  any  time  later  when  most  convenient. 

This  method  makes  erection  of  James  pens  so  easy  that  even  a  boy  could 
do  the  work  and  it  does  away  with  the  possibility  of  delays  in  cementing  the 
floors.  You  do  not  need  to  await  the  arrival  of  the  pens  before  proceeding 
with  the  concrete  work. 

James  pen  anchors  may  be  secured  on  short  notice,  either  from  Fort 
Atkinson,  Minneapolis  or  Elmira,  New  York;  Wright  Ziegler  Company, 
Boston,  the  De  Laval  Dairy  Supply  Company,  San  Francisco;  or  some  other 
nearby  distributing  poirit. 


Size  of  Pens 

James  hog  pens  are  built  any  size  required.  The  average  farrowing  pen 
called  for  is  8 '  6"  by  9'  6",  and  this  size  is  looked  upon  as  standard.  The 
size  of  the  pens,  of  course,  will  vary  with  the  personal  preference  of  the  pur¬ 
chaser  according  to  his  individual  needs. 

The  nesting  place  in  the  pen  should  be  about  5  '  6  "  by  7  '  in  a  standard  pen. 
Either  cork  brick  or  plank  should  be  used  for  the  nest.  Some  seem  to  think 
that  the  sow  will  not  always  take  the  nest,  but  as  a  rule  this  is  the  case  only 
when  the  attendant  has  been  careless  in  bedding.  If  the  nest  only  is  bedded 
the  sow  will  lie  there. 


28 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


James  Sanitary  Hog  Pen 

(PATENT  APPLIED  FOR) 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


29 


James  Sanitary  Hog  Pen 

(PATENT  APPLIED  FOR) 

SPECIFICATIONS 

CORNER  POSTS:  1$  in.  0.  D.  pipe.  Used  with  James  Pen  Anchors. 

GATE  POSTS:  Ij  in.  0.  D.  double  strength  pipe.  Used  with  James 
Tubular  Pen  Anchors. 

INTERMEDIATE  POSTS:  If  in.  0.  D.  pipe.  Used  with  James  Tubular 
Pen  Anchors. 

PANEL  HORIZONTALS:  If  in.  0.  D.  pipe.  Top  and  bottom  horizontals 
bolted  together  with  jTg  in.  cut  thread  bolts,  spaced  not  more  than  three 
spindles  apart. 

PANEL  UPRIGHTS:  Irj  in.  0.  D.  pipe  spaced  4  inches  on  centers. 

ANCHORS:  James  Tubular  Pen  Anchors  3j  in.  0.  D  pipe,  9  in.  long 
Made  of  24-gauge  steel.  Pen  anchors  are  the  only  part  of  the  pen 
required  at  the  time  the  concrete  work  is  done. 

FITTINGS:  Best  annealed  malleable.  in.  cut  thread  bolts  used  with 
fittings  for  attaching  panels  to  posts. 

ORNAMENTS:  Best  malleable,  dust  proof  type. 

GATE:  Frame  of  1 1  in.  0.  D.  pipe  with  1  in.  0.  D.  pipe  uprights.  All 
fittings  of  best  malleable.  Hinges  are  offset  so  that  gate  swings  back 
against  pen;  of  best  malleable. 

GATE  LOCK:  Best  malleable.  Double  latch  connected  by  f  in.  square 
steel  rod  enclosed  in  lyg  in.  pipe.  Gate  locks  when  slammed  shut: 
can  be  opened  only  by  hand,  it  being  necessary  to  raise  the  lever  and 
turn.  Cannot  be  opened  by  the  hog.  Simple,  positive  in  action,  strong. 

FINISH:  The  steel  is  first  mechanically  cleaned,  removing  scale,  grease 
and  foreign  matter,  then  followed  with  a  chemical  bath,  thoroughly 
preparing  the  material  for  painting;  it  is  then  finished  with  the  best 
gray  protective  enamel,  baked  for  two  hours  at  a  high  temperature. 

HEIGHT :  With  4  in.  curb,  pen  is  3  feet  8  inches  from  the  floor. 

WEIGHT:  25  lbs.  per  linear  foot. 

SHIPPED  ASSEMBLED  IN  PANELS 

Swinging  Panels 

(PATENT  APPLIED  FOR) 

FRONT  PANEL:  Horizontals  of  If  in.  0.  D.  pipe,  uprights  l^  in.  0.  D. 
pipe.  Hinge  and  all  fittings  malleable  with  cut  thread  bolts.  Swinging 
mechanism  best  malleable  and  bar  steel. 

PIG  STOP:  Of  1  §  in.  and  1^  in.  0.  D.  pipe,  best  malleable  fittings  and 
cut  thread  bolts. 

DIVIDING  PANEL:  Panels  dividing  pens  are  so  constructed  that  when 
desired,  they  may  be  swung  up  and  locked  out  of  the  way,  thus  turning 
two  or  more  pens  into  one  larger  pen. 


Farrowing  Rail 

(PATENT  APPLIED  FOR) 

Made  of  If  in.  0.  D.  pipe;  hinge  and  rail  brace  of  best  malleable. 

Tilting  Feed  Trough 

(PATENT  APPLIED  FOR) 

Trough  is  of  18-gauge  galvanized  sheet  steel;  ends  are  locked  seamed 
with  reinforcing  plates  on  corners;  angle  iron  dividers  across  the  trough  at 
intervals  of  12  inches,  riveted  to  the  galvanized  sheets.  Furnished  with 
device  for  holding  trough  down;  and  device  for  holding  trough  when  raised. 


Exact  sizes  of  pipe  used 


30 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


Concrete  Feed  Trough 

The  James  Sanitary  hog  pen  is  also  furnished  with  a  solid  front  panel  for 
use  over  a  concrete  feed  trough,  when  the  swinging  panel  and  tilting  feed 
trough  is  not  used. 

Specifications  are  the  same  as  given  on  page  29. 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


31 


The  James  Carriers 


WHEN  hog  raising  is  made  a  business,  methods  for  saving  work 
and  time  become  of  great  importance,  not  only  to  reduce  expenses, 
but  to  make  it  possible  to  do  whatever  is  required  to  benefit  the 
animals. 

Hogs  are  more  liable  to  infection  from  unsanitary  surroundings  than 
other  farm  animals,  being  so  constituted  that  they  must  breathe  and  drink 
close  to  the  ground  or  floor  where  infection  is  most  likely  to  be  found. 

The  old  way  of  caring  for  swine  discouraged  the  regular  and  frequent 
removal  of  litter  and  manure,  and  promoted  unsanitary  conditions. 

The  James  Way  makes  it  so  easy  to  clean  the  barn  —  even  a  boy  can  do 
the  job  —  that  the  barn  can  easily  be  kept  clean  at  all  times;  and  because  of 
the  ease  of  cleaning  it  will  be  kept  clean. 

With  the  James  carrier,  the  manure  can  be  loaded  onto  the  spreader  and 
put  on  the  fields  at  once,  the  carrier  making  it  possible  to  get  the  manure  onto 
the  soil  with  but  the  one  handling  —  that  of  loading  the  tub  in  the  barn. 

That  is  somewhat  different,  is  it  not,  from  loading  the  manure  into  a 
wheelbarrow,  pushing  it  out  through  the  barn,  leaving  a  trail  of  dripping  filth 
across  a  mucky  yard  and  up  onto  a  manure  pile,  trying  the  strength  and 
patience  of  the  strongest  man;  afterwards  loading  the  wagon  from  the  pile, 
losing  the  liquid;  then  hauling  it  to  the  field,  dumping  in  piles  and  later  scat¬ 
tering  with  a  fork? 

The  big  tub  of  the  James  carrier  holds  as  much  as  three  of  four  wheel¬ 
barrow  loads;  the  carrier  can  be  run  out  and  dumped  in  less  time  than  a  single 
wheelbarrow;  and  it  takes  no  longer  to  load  the  manure  into  the  carrier  than 
it  does  into  the  wheelbarrow.  The  saving  of  time  and  work  is  very  large. 

When  the  wheelbarrow  method  is  used,  the  manure  is  quite  apt  to  be 
piled  near  the  barn.  But  with  the  James  carrier  and  crane,  or  with  the  James 
Combination  carrier,  it  is  easy  to  put  the  pile  far  away  so  there  will  be  no 
fumes  of  ammonia  rising  near  the  building  which  will  injure  the  health  of  the 
animals  or  damage  the  paint.  You  can  keep  a  clear  space  between  the  barn 
and  the  pile  or  manure  pit. 

Where  the  use  of  swill  forms  part  of  the  hog  feeding  operations,  the  James 
swill  carrier  solves  many  difficulties.  It  not  only  saves  work,  but  it  eliminates 
much  of  the  bother  and  trouble.  This,  together  with  the  swinging  panel  over 
the  trough,  puts  an  end  to  the  nuisance  of  feeding  swill. 

The  James  feed  carrier,  or  the  James  feed  truck,  will  save  you  so  much 
walking  back  and  forth  to  the  feed  room  and  save  so  much  work  and  time,  that 
you  will  wonder  how  you  ever  got  along  without  them. 


32 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


James  Carrier  and  Swinging  Crane  in  James  Sunny  Hog  Barn  of  T.  K.  Maher,  farm  at  Elyria,  Ohio. 


James  Carrier  in  Hog  House  of  Bailey  Comstock  Co.,  Santa  Rosa,  Calif. 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


33 


We  claim  for  all  James  Carriers  that  with  them  you  can  do  the  work  for 
which  they  are  intended  more  quickly,  more  easily,  and  at  less  daily  cost,  than 
you  can  in  any  other  way.  And  if  they  don't  make  good,  you  can  get  your 
money  back. 

The  James  Carriers  have  many  important  and  distinctive  features,  not  only 
in  the  carrier  itself,  but  in  the  track,  hangers,  switches,  removable  track  section 
and  swinging  steel  crane. 

All  the  objections  to  the  ordinary  carriers  are  completely  overcome;  and 
in  addition  the  James  Carriers  possess  added  improvements  never  before  utilized 
in  carrier  equipment. 

They  are  not  an  experiment.  The  men  who  originated  them  and  brought 
them  to  their  present  state  of  perfection  know  from  experience  just  what  is 
required  of  a  carrier,  for  they  have  been  practical,  successful  farmers  them¬ 
selves,  and  have  used,  or  seen  in  use,  probably  every  carrier  on  the  market. 

James  Carriers  are  the  result  of  long  years  of  observation  of  the  various 
types  in  actual  use  in  barns,  where  the  strong  points  and  the  weak  features 
have  been  shown  up  by  the  wear  and  strain  of  daily  use. 

The  strong  points  have  been  retained  and  new  features  added,  making 
them  the  most  practical,  most  serviceable  and  most  satisfactory  of  all. 

A  litter  carrier  has  heavy  work  to  do.  Not  only  must  it  ofttimes  carry 
a  quarter  ton  of  manure,  but  it  is  in  daily  use  throughout  much  of  the  year. 
Slammed  about  by  careless  help,  or  in  the  hurry  of  cleaning  up  the  chores, 
some  part  will  give  way  unless  it  be  exceptionally  strong  and  well  made. 

James  Litter  Carriers  are  more  strongly  and  heavily  built  than  any  other 
on  the  market,  every  part  is  heavy  enough  to  carry  three  times  the  load  to 
which  it  will  ever  be  subjected  as  a  manure  carrier.  The  track  and  hangers, 
the  safety  switches,  the  removable  sections,  and  the  swinging  crane  all  have 
several  times  the  strength  necessary  to  support  the  carrier  when  most  heavily 
loaded.  No  amount  of  ordinary  rough  usage  will  cause  a  breakdown. 

James  Carriers  are  much  heavier  than  others  for  which  you  would  have 
to  pay  the  same  price;  the  extra  weight  of  malleables  and  steel  alone  costs  us 
several  dollars  more  on  a  carrier,  to  say  nothing  of  the  better  workmanship 
and  superior  finish.  Yet  we  offer  them  to  you  for  the  same  price  that  you 
would  have  to  pay  for  the  lighter  weight  and  more  poorly  constructed  outfit. 

This  extra  weight  means  heavier  malleables,  a  stronger  angle  iron  frame¬ 
work  through  the  tub,  steel  plate  reinforcement  on  the  ends,  a  solid,  cold 
rolled,  steel  shaft — in  fact  greater  strength  at  every  point  where  strain  or  wear 
may  come.  It  insures  durability,  a  saving  of  repairs,  and  makes  certain  satis¬ 
factory  service  for  a  long  period  of  years. 


34 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


James  Swill  Carrier  and  James  Pens  in  James  Sunny  Hog  Barn  of  T.  K.  Maher,  farm  at  Elyria,  Ohio. 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


35 


The  simplicity  of  the  entire  James  Carrier  outfit  also  makes  for  greater 
strength  and  durability,  the  extra  weight  of  material  being  only  at  those  points 
where  strength  is  needed;  and  there  are  no  complicated  parts  to  wear. 

In  the  following  pages  we  have  described  the  carriers  in  detail,  and  we 
want  you  to  note  that  in  each  case  we  have  stated  the  exact  weight  and  given 
complete  specifications,  so  that  you  may  compare  for  yourself  our  carriers  and 
those  offered  you  by  others  at  equal  or  higher  prices. 

The  photographs  and  descriptions  show  why  it  is  that  James  Carriers  are 
more  easily  erected  and  more  easily  operated  than  any  others;  why  they  run 
more  smoothly  on  the  track;  how  they  meet  every  condition  ever  required  of 
a  carrier  in  the  barn;  why  the  I-Beam  track  is  more  suitable  in  every  way  for 
curves,  switches  and  outside  work;  how  the  automatic  safety  stop  blocks  make 
it  impossible  for  a  carrier  to  run  off  the  track;  and  how  the  simple  construction 
eliminates  worm  gearings,  ratchets  and  cogs  that  are  so  liable  to  wear  or  break. 

And  as  you  study  the  carrier  proposition,  we  ask  that  you  bear  in  mind 
that  while  there  may  be  carrier  outfits  offered  you  at  lower  prices,  the  James 
Carriers  are  so  built  as  to  cost  you  by  far  the  least  per  year — and  that  is  the 
only  fair  way  in  which  to  figure  the  cost  of  any  article. 

James  Carriers  are  “long  life”  carriers — built  to  stand  the  strain  and  wear 
of  years — made  to  forestall  breakages  and  repairs — made  to  save  the  maxi¬ 
mum  of  work  and  time.  We  are  proud  of  them,  believing  that  each  is  the 
best  that  can  be  built  to  meet  the  specific  purposes  for  which  it  is  designed. 
And  in  this  belief,  we  are  backed  up  by  the  hundreds  of  enthusiastic,  com¬ 
mendatory  letters  received  from  owners  of  James  Carrier  outfits. 


“The  Swill  Carrier  arrived  on  the  12th.  It  is  very  satisfactory  and  a 
great  time  saver.’  Hardwick  Bros.,  Fort  Worth,  Texas. 


36 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


James  Swill  Carrier 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


37 


James  Swill  Carrier 

SPECIFICATIONS 

Capacity  of  can  70  gallons. 

Outside  dimensions  28  inches  diameter  by  32  inches  high. 

The  can  is  constructed  of  18-gauge  galvanized  steel,  lock  seamed  and  well  riveted 
to  a  framework  of  angle  and  channel  iron.  The  top  is  reinforced  with  2'8-in.  x  1  2'8-in.  x 
J/8-m.  angle  iron,  bottom  rim  with  a  1  j/2-in.  x  %-in.  x  J/8">n.  channel  iron.  Two  pieces 
of  I  j/4-in.  x  I  ’/4-in.  x  3/iG-in.  tee  iron  is  placed  horizontally  under  bottom  sheet,  well 
riveted  to  channel,  giving  great  supporting  strength.  A  heavy  galvanized  collar  is  riveted 
and  soldered  to  the  can  and  fitted  with  a  3-in.  gate. 

Bail  hangers  are  heavy  galvanized  steel  plate  riveted  to  barrel  with  20  sherrardized 
rivets ;  seams  and  rivet  heads  are  well  soldered  on  inside. 

HOIST:  The  Big  Boy  hoist  is  furnished  (see  page  34)  fitted  with  extra  strong 
pipe,  swivel  and  hook,  allowing  swill  to  be  delivered  on  either  side  of  feeding  alley. 


38 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


39 


The  “Big  Boy”  Litter  Carrier 

(PATENTED) 

SPECIFICATIONS 

TUB:  Constructed  of  eighteen-gauge  galvanized  sheet  steel,  built  on  a  framework  of 
angle  iron;  angle  iron  at  side  edges  being  I  '/ixl  in. ;  at  the  ends  ^xl  %xYs 

in. ;  end  of  tub  reinforced  with  steel  plate  4J/2x'/8  in.  Well  riveted,  all  rivets 
sherardized  and  are  in.,  except  corner  rivets,  which  are  ’/4  in.  Gudgeon  support 
is  riveted  to  the  two  thicknesses  of  steel  on  end  of  tub.  Tub  is  self-cleaning.  See 
page  58. 

PERFECT  CONTROL  CLUTCH  AND  BRAKE:  Of  malleable  and  bar  steel. 
For  explanation  of  operation  see  page  55. 

HOIST :  Chain  and  sprocket  type.  Made  of  best  iron  and  steel.  The  frame  carrying 
the  lower  sprocket  is  adjustable  to  take  up  the  slack,  thus  making  it  possible  to  over¬ 
come  any  wear.  So  geared  as  to  make  possible  the  raising  of  heavy  loads  in  the 
shortest  time  without  undue  effort.  (See  page  55.) 

CHAIN  GUIDES:  Malleable.  Prevent  hand  chain  running  off  the  hoist  wheel. 

SHAFT :  Of  1  '/^-in.  cold  rolled  solid  steel  shafting,  same  as  used  in  factories  for  line 
shafting.  (Page  59.) 

LIFTING  CHAIN:  Heavy  straight  link  chain,  tested  for  five  times  the  load  it  will 
have  to  carry.  Three  point  suspension:  in  winding  up  forms  an  open  spiral,  prevent¬ 
ing  rubbing  and  wear.  (Page  59.) 

The  distance  from  the  top  of  the  tracker  wheels  to  the  bottom  of  the  Big  Boy  No.  2 
Tub  when  raised  is  44  inches:  when  lowered  to  full  length  of  lifting  chain  the 
distance  is  8  feet  8  inches. 

TRACKER  WHEELS:  Made  of  gray  iron;  4%  in.  in  diameter,  mounted  in  swiveled 
tracker  wheel  frames.  Travelers  arranged  tandem.  Tracker  wheel  axle  of  steel 
with  oil  pocket;  journal  machined  and  surfaced.  (See  page  57.) 

TRACKER  WHEEL  FRAME:  So  constructed  that  wheels  cannot  jump  the  track. 
May  be  removed  only  by  hand.  (Page  57.) 

LATCH  AND  TRIP:  Latches  at  each  end  of  tub  lock  and  unlock  simultaneously. 
Protected  against  clogging  with  manure.  Latch  trip  operated  from  either  end. 

BAIL  HANGERS:  Heavy  flat  steel  bars  x  Y/l  in.,  edgewise  to  the  tub.  Mal¬ 
leable  fittings  and  sheave. 

BEARINGS:  All  bearings  that  get  much  wear  in  operation  are  machined  to  assure 
accurate  fit  and  smooth  surface ;  this  reduces  friction,  lessens  wear,  increases  ease  of 
operation  and  adds  greatly  to  life  of  carrier.  Bearings  that  are  left  merely  cored,  as 
they  come  from  the  foundry,  are  covered  with  sand  roughness,  which  cuts  into  metal 
like  so  much  emery.  Hence  the  great  importance  of  machined  bearings. 

CAPACITY:  Tub  is  45  in.  long,  24  in.  deep,  24  in.  wide,  and  holds  approxi¬ 
mately  1  2  bushels  coarse  manure. 

WEIGHT :  Approximately  200  pounds. 


40 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


41 


The  James  Feed  Car 

( PATENTED 

SPECIFICATIONS 

TUB:  Constructed  of  selected  lumber;  bottom  and  ends  20-gauge  galvanized  steei.  the 
design  making  it  easy  to  shovel.  Corners  bound  with  corner  iron. 

SIZE:  Extreme  length  68  inches,  width  26  inches,  height  24  inches. 

PERFECT  CONTROL  CLUTCH  AND  BRAKE:  Of  malleable  and  bar  steel. 
For  explanation  of  operation  see  page  58. 

HOIST :  Chain  and  sprocket  type.  Made  of  the  best  iron  and  steel.  The  frame 
carrying  the  lower  sprocket  is  adjustable  to  take  up  the  slack,  thus  making  it  pos¬ 
sible  to  overcome  any  wear.  So  geared  as  to  make  possible  the  raising  of  heavy 
loads  in  the  shortest  time  without  undue  effort.  (See  page  55.) 

CHAIN  GUIDES:  Malleable.  Prevent  hand  chains  running  off  the  hoist  wheel. 

SHAFT :  Of  1  '/4-in.  cold  rolled  solid  steel  shafting,  same  as  used  in  factories  for 
line  shafting.  (Page  59.) 

LIFTING  CHAIN:  Heavy  straight  link  chain,  tested  for  five  times  the  load  it  will 
have  to  carry.  Three  point  suspension;  in  winding  up  forms  an  open  spiral  pre¬ 
venting  rubbing  and  wear.  (Page  59.) 

Distance  from  top  of  track  wheels  to  the  bottom  of  the  tub,  when  raised,  is  54J/2 
inches. 

TRACKER  WHEELS:  Made  of  gray  iron;  4 54  in.  in  diameter  mounted  in  swiveled 
tracker  wheel  frames.  Travelers  arranged  tandem.  Tracker  wheel  axle  of  steel 
with  oil  pocket;  journal  machined  and  surfaced.  (See  page  57.) 

TRACKER  WHEEL  FRAME:  So  constructed  that  wheels  cannot  jump  the  track. 
May  be  removed  only  by  hand.  (Page  57.) 

BAIL:  Heavy  channel  steel.  Extends  nearly  to  bottom  of  tub.  So  shaped  as  to  permit 
the  greatest  freedom  when  shoveling. 

BEARINGS:  All  bearings  that  get  wear  in  operation  are  machined,  to  assure  accurate 
fit  and  smooth  surface;  this  reduces  friction,  lessens  wear,  increases  ease  of  operation 
and  adds  greatly  to  life  of  carrier.  Bearings  that  are  left  merely  cored,  as  they 
come  from  the  foundry,  are  covered  with  sand  roughness,  which  cuts  into  metal 
like  so  much  emery.  Hence  the  great  importance  of  machined  bearings. 

CAPACITY :  Approximately  1  6  bushels. 

WEIGHT:  250  pounds. 


42 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK _ 43 


The  James  Feed  Truck 

SPECIFICATIONS 
16-Bushel  Truck 

BOX:  Constructed  of  clear  selected  lumber,  strongly  reinforced  by  side  cleats.  Bottom 
is  No.  18-gauge  galvanized  sheet  steel.  Extreme  length  68  inches,  width  26 
inches,  height  24  inches.  Ends  slanting  to  make  shoveling  easy.  The  weight  of  the 
feed  box  is  equally  balanced  on  the  wheels  so  that  when  filled  the  truck  can  be  run 
along  any  reasonably  smooth  floor  or  walk  with  but  little  effort. 

WHEELS:  Arrangement  of  the  wheels  is  such  that  the  truck  can  be  turned  around  in 
a  space  of  75  inches  in  diameter. 

MAIN  WHEELS:  12  inches  in  diameter,  2-inch  face.  End  wheel  anti-friction 
swivel,  6-inch  diameter,  2-inch  face. 

AXLE:  1-inch  solid  cold  rolled  steel,  with  set  collars;  axle  and  wheels  run  freely. 

Extreme  length  of  shaft  32  inches. 

BEARINGS:  All  bearings  that  get  wear  in  operation  are  machined,  to  assure  accurate 
fit  and  smooth  surface;  this  reduces  friction,  lessens  wear,  increases  ease  of  operation 
and  adds  greatly  to  life  of  carrier.  Bearings  that  are  left  merely  cored,  as  they 
come  from  foundry,  are  covered  with  sand  roughness,  which  cuts  into  metal  like  so 
much  emery.  Hence  the  great  importance  of  machined  bearings. 

CAPACITY:  16  bushels. 

WEIGHT :  Approximately  200  pounds. 

Can  be  made  special  in  other  widths  to  meet  conditions,  if  alleys  or  doors  are  too 


narrow. 


44 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


mM 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


45 


James  Swinging  Steel  Crane 

The  James  swinging  steel  crane  is  the  most  satisfactory  method  of  supporting  the 
track  outside  the  barn,  and  costs  but  little  more  than  the  cumbersome,  old-time  heavy 
timber  supports.  It  leaves  the  yard  entirely  clear,  there  being  no  supporting  posts  to 
interfere  with  the  use  of  the  yard,  or  to  cause  injury  to  horses  or  cattle;  nor  is  there 
any  lumber  to  rot  and  break.  It  keeps  the  yard  next  to  the  barn  free  from  manure,  be¬ 
cause  when  not  convenient  to  dump  on  to  spreader  or  wagon,  carrier  can  be  dumped  on 
an  emergency  pile  some  distance  from  the  barn. 

The  carrier  will  pass  over  the  flexible  track  section  readily,  even  when  the  crane  is 
swung  as  much  as  30  or  33  degrees  to  either  side  from  the  direct  line  of  carrier  track 
leading  to  crane;  and  hence  makes  possible  a  dumping  area  eight  or  ten  times  greater  than 
the  post  supported  track  of  the  same  length,  should  it  be  necessary  to  allow  manure  to 
accumulate. 

The  length  of  crane  that  may  be  used,  if  suspended  from  the  barn  itself,  is  dependent 
on  the  height  of  the  building. 

By  erecting  the  proper  supports,  it  is  usually  possible  to  secure  the  advantage  of  the 
swinging  crane,  even  though  the  building  be  low  or  other  conditions  apparently  prevent. 
An  example  is  shown  on  page  32.  If  you  wpnt  to  use  a  crane  and  do  not  know  how 
to  support  it  on  your  barn,  write  us  and  our  Service  Department  will  be  glad  to  help 
you  solve  the  problem. 

The  track  inside  the  barn  and  the  track  supported  from  the  crane  are  connected  by  the 
removable  flexible  section  shown  on  page  44. 

James  Swinging  Steel  Crane 

SPECIFICATIONS 

Carrier  cranes  being  subject  to  considerable  shock,  unusual  care  has  been  taken  to 
give  the  James  crane  great  rigidity  to  prevent  buckling.  The  lateral  and  vertical  strength 
is  furnished  by  the  horizontal  and  vertical  trussed  stiffening  struts  set  at  frequent  intervals. 
The  crane  is  designed  to  carry  800  pounds  when  the  load  is  at  the  maximum  radius  of 
40  feet. 

Galvanized  pipe  (not  merely  painted),  2J4"*n.  O.  D.,  connected  by  heavy  malleable 
splice  clamps ;  truss  braces  of  1  54-in.  O.  D.  pipe.  Truss  struts  of  1  54"in.  O.  D.  pipe  placed 
120  degrees  to  each  other.  Three  side  truss  cables  %6'*n-  in  diameter  with  Yl'm-  turn- 
buckles;  size  and  number  of  guy  cables  vary  according  to  length  of  crane;  with  the 
40- ft.  crane  four  yV'm  and  one  cables  are  furnished,  with  necessary  cable  clips 

and  clamps. 

The  hinge  is  of  best  malleable  iron  with  1-in.  diameter  steel  bolt. 

Hook  bolt,  1  inch  thick,  with  iron  washer,  special  design,  to  prevent  cables  from 
unhooking,  for  attaching  upper  end  of  guy  cables  to  barn. 

Removable  Flexible  Track  Section 

Each  swinging  crane  is  furnished  with  a  section  of  flexible  track  which  is  located 
directly  under  the  crane  hinge.  The  flexible  track  is  built  up  from  1  4  pieces  of  tempered 
flat  spring  steel  set  on  edge,  carefully  machined  and  assembled.  All  internal  parts  thor¬ 
oughly  coated  with  flake  graphite  and  oil. 

This  flexible  track  is  eccentrically  hung  from  crane  hinge  thus  avoiding  buckling. 


46 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


Steel  Arch  Support 

(PATENTED) 

As  shown  herewith.  Constructed  of 
-in.  O.  D.  pipe,  galvanized,  with 
malleable  fittings  and  JZ-in.  U-bolts  on 
top  and  7/1 6-in.  bolts  in  coupling 
clamps.  The  uprights  in  each  pair  of 
posts  are  five  feet  apart,  on  centers  set  in 
concrete.  Very  satisfactory  track  sup¬ 
port.  Furnished  any  height. 


James  Combination  Carrier  in  Hog  House  of  F.  H.  Boyle,  Fond  du  Lac,  Wis. 


48 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


(1)  A  quick  shove,  at  the 
door,  the  carrier  runs  out, 

(2)  dumps:  and  (3)  returns 
of  itself  to  the  barn. 


- '  v..‘|icr  yxi1  • 

— -  .  -  ! 

THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


49 


The  James  Combination  Carrier 

(For  I-Beam  and  Rod  Track) 

This  carrier  has  back  of  it  all  the  quality,  reputation  and  experience  that  have  made 
James  Carriers  and  James  Equipment  famous  and  successful. 

The  James  Combination  Carrier  has  all  the  advantages  of  the  I-Beam  track  inside 
the  barn — the  celebrated  James  track  that  can  be  bent  to  any  curve  without  the  use  of 
heat,  doing  away  with  the  expense  for  special  curves;  the  “button-on”  hangers  that 
make  the  outfit  easy  to  erect,  a  tub  that  can  be  quickly  dropped  to  the  floor  for  loading, 
and  that  “stays  put”  on  the  track  while  being  filled — track  can’t  sag,  hence  the  carrier 
moves  only  when  you  push  it ;  and  other  features  that  make  barn  cleaning  easy. 

This  carrier  also  has  all  the  advantages  of  the  rod  track  outside  the  barn.  You  can 
stand  at  the  barn  door,  give  the  carrier  a  shove — it  runs  out,  dumps  at  the  desired  point  and 
returns  automatically  to  the  barn.  Saves  walking  through  the  wet  yard  and  snow. 

The  tub  dumps  to  either  side,  giving  you  more  dumping  space  and  making  it  more  con¬ 
venient  to  dump  into  wagon  or  spreader.  Latches  at  the  ends  of  the  tub  lock  and  unlock 
simultaneously;  work  surely  and  easily;  and  are  protected  so  they  will  not  clog  with  manure. 

The  trip  block  which  dumps  the  tub  can  be  locked  to  the  track  at  any  desired  point. 
When  the  trip  strikes  this  block,  the  tub  dumps  to  whichever  side  is  loaded  the  heavier.  An 
ingenious  device  makes  the  trip  positive,  so  that  dumping  is  certain. 

Carrier  returns  automatically  to  the  barn  when  empty. 

The  long  life  tub  is  the  same  in  materials  and  construction  as  the  “Big  Boy”  carrier 
tubs,  described  on  page  58,  the  only  difference  being  in  size. 

Heavy  straight  link  lifting  chain  is  used,  this  being  strongest  and  best  adapted  to  the 
purpose.  It  is  attached  to  the  center  of  the  cold  rolled,  solid  steel  shaft,  so  that  in  winding 
up  it  forms  a  very  open  spiral,  preventing  rubbing  and  wear.  No  cable  to  wear  out  and 
break. 

The  carrier  is  very  easy  running  because  of  the  narrow  tread  on  both  the  I-Beam 
track  and  the  rod  track,  and  because  each  tracker  wheel  contains  eleven  long,  cold  rolled 
steel  bearings,  making  it  almost  frictionless. 

Whether  the  carrier  is  on  the  rod  track  or  on  the  I-Beam  track,  or  passing  from 
one  to  the  other,  it  can’t  jump  off.  The  ingenious  keeper  makes  that  impossible.  There 
is  but  one  way  to  get  it  off  the  track  and  that  is  by  deliberately  lifting  it  off. 

The  direct  hoist  is  used;  so  geared  as  to  raise  the  load  in  the  shortest  time  possible 
without  undue  effort. 

The  Absolute  Control  Clutch  and  Brake  described  on  page  55  is  a  most  important 
part  of  the  Combination  Carrier.  Turn  to  that  page  and  learn  its  advantages. 


50 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


51 


James  Combination  Litter  Carrier 

(PATENTED) 

SPECIFICATIONS 

TUB:  Constructed  of  18-gauge  galvanized  sheet  steel.  Built  on  a  frame  work  of 
angle  iron;  angle  iron  at  side  edges  being  I  x  1  x  J/s  in. ;  at  the  ends  1  x  I  x  Yf,  in. ; 
end  of  tub  reinforced  with  steel  plate  3'/2  x  /$  in.  Well  riveted,  all  rivets  galvanized 
and  are  -fy  in.,  except  corner  rivets,  which  are  in.  Gudgeon  support  is  riveted 
to  the  two  thicknesses  of  steel  on  end  of  tub.  Tub  is  self-cleaning. 

PERFECT  CONTROL  CLUTCH  AND  BRAKE:  Of  malleable  and  bar  steel. 
For  explanation  of  operation  see  page  55. 

HOIST:  Direct  type;  hoist  wheel  is  11  in.  in  diameter;  raises  tub  quickly;  made  of 
best  iron  and  steel.  (See  page  55.) 

CHAIN  GUIDES;  Malleable.  Prevent  hand  chain  running  off  hoist  wheel. 

SHAFT :  1  '/4-in.  cold  rolled  solid  steel  shafting,  same  as  used  in  factories  for  line 

shafting.  (See  page  59.) 

LIFTING  CHAIN:  Straight  link  chain,  tested  for  several  times  the  load  it  will  have 
to  carry.  Three-point  suspension;  in  winding  up  forms  an  open  spiral,  preventing 
rubbing  and  wear.  (See  page  59.) 

The  distance  from  the  top  of  the  tracker  wheels  to  the  bottom  of  the  Combination 

Carrier  Tub,  when  raised,  is  44  inches;  when  lowered  the  distance  is  8  feet. 

TRACKER  WHEELS :  Made  of  gray  iron.  Large  diameter.  Mounted  on  swiveled 

tracker  wheel  frames.  Tracker  wheel  axle  of  steel  with  eleven  long  cold  rolled  steel 
bearings. 

TRACKER  WHEEL  FRAME  AND  KEEPER:  So  constructed  that  wheels  can 
not  jump  the  track  whether  on  rod  track,  I-beam  track  or  passing  from  one  to  the 
other.  (See  page  57.) 

BAIL:  Channel  steel,  reinforced  by  corner  bail  braces. 

LATCH  AND  TRIP:  Latches  at  both  ends,  locking  and  unlocking  simultaneously. 
Tub  dumps  automatically  when  trip  strikes  the  trip  block;  trip  block,  of  malleable 
iron  locked  to  cable  with  a  set  screw  1  x  '/i  in.,  can  be  locked  at  any  desired  point 
on  the  track. 

BEARINGS:  All  bearings  that  get  wear  in  operation  are  machined,  to  assure  accurate 
fit  and  smooth  surface;  this  reduces  friction,  lessens  wear,  increases  ease  of  operation 
and  adds  greatly  to  life  of  carrier.  Bearings  that  are  left  merely  cored,  as  they 
come  from  the  foundry,  are  covered  with  sand  roughness,  which  cuts  into  metal  like 
so  much  emery.  Hence  the  great  importance  of  machined  bearings. 

CAPACITY:  Tub  is  40  inches  long,  22  inches  wide,  16  inches  deep,  and  measures 
approximately  5  bushels. 

WEIGHT :  Approximately  1  45  pounds. 

No.  000000  rod  track  must  be  used  with  the  combination  carrier. 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


CO 


Adjustable  Track  Strut 

See  illustration  above 


Combination  Track  Transfer 


Illustrations  A  and  B  show  clearly  the  operation  of  the  keeper  which  prevents  jumping 
the  track;  the  absolute  control  clutch  and  brake;  and  the  easy  running  tracker  wheels. 
The  winding  shaft  is  cold  rolled,  solid  steel  shafting. 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


53 


“Combination”  Carrier  Parts  for 


Spring  Track  Suspender,  No.  3 
Rigid  Track  Suspender,  No.  4  Tension  Bolt 


Two  Sizes; 

i"  x  29" 


15" 


Safety  Device,  No.  9 


Switch  or  Curve,  No.  6 


Angle  Bracket  for  Rod  Track 


54 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


“Big  Boy”  Hoist,  with  Absolute  Control  Clutch  and  Brake 


55 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


Special  Features  of  James  Carriers 

Absolute  Control  Clutch  and  Brake 

(PATENTED) 

This  exclusive  James  feature  makes  possible  the  quick  lowering  of  the  tub  by  its  own 
weight,  thus  saving  time  in  doing  the  chores — yet  keeping  the  speed  of  descent  under  the 
absolute  control  of  the  operator. 

The  friction  brake  enables  the  operator  to  lower  the  tub  slowly — a  sixteenth  of  an 
inch,  or  the  entire  length  of  the  chain — or  drop  it  quickly  to  within  a  few  inches  of  the 
floor,  and  stop  it  almost  instantly. 

The  empty  tub  can  be  dropped  from  an  eight-foot  track  to  the  floor  in  five  seconds; 
the  "Big  Boy,”  filled,  can  be  raised  to  an  eight-foot  track  in  from  20  to  25  seconds.  The 
first  time  you  have  a  chance,  compare  this  record  with  other  carriers,  and  then  figure  out 
for  yourself  how  much  time  this  one  feature  will  save  you  in  a  year. 

The  friction  brake  and  the  clutch  are  both  controlled  by  the  one  lever,  hence  both  are 
operated  with  the  one  hand.  It  is  not  necessary  to  touch  the  hand  chain  when  lowering  the 
tub — the  one  hand  and  the  one  lever  starts,  controls  and  stops  it. 

When  ready  to  lower  the  tub,  a  quick,  strong  pull  on  the  control  lever  will  release  the 
clutch  and  set  the  friction  brake;  the  pressure  on  the  lever  then  controls.  Release  the 
pressure  somewhat  and  the  tub  begins  to  descend;  a  slight  pull  slackens  the  speed  regard¬ 
less  of  the  weight  in  the  tub;  a  stronger  pull  stops  the  descent. 

The  lever  may  then  be  released  entirely,  setting  the  clutch  instantly,  holding  the  tub 
firmly  at  that  exact  point;  the  clutch  never  slips. 

This  clutch  is  also  a  time  saver  when  raising  the  tub,  because  it  prevents  any  slipping 
back,  a  thing  that  is  so  annoying  when  raising  a  loaded  tub  with  a  hoist  using  dog  and 
ratchet.  The  James  clutch  takes  hold  so  quickly  and  firmly  that,  no  matter  how  heavy  the 
load,  the  James  Carrier  cannot  slip  back  a  fraction  of  an  inch,  even  though  it  be  raised  an 
inch  at  a  time.  There  is  no  lost  motion. 

There  are  no  ratchet  teeth  on  the  James  Carrier,  nothing  to  break  or  get  out  of  order. 
The  X-ray  picture  on  the  opposite  page  shows  the  simplicity  of  the  mechanism  and  how 
it  operates.  In  the  picture  the  clutch  is  set. 

“Big  Boy”  Hoist 

Even  a  boy  can  operate  the  “Big  Boy”  carrier.  The  hoist  is  so  geared  as  to  make 
possible  raising  a  heavy  load  in  the  shortest  time  without  undue  effort. 

The  chain  and  sprocket  type  of  hoist  is  used,  the  chain  being  the  same  size  as  that  used 
to  drive  most  grain  binders.  Every  mechanic  knows  that  this  type  of  hoist  has  the  least 
friction,  excepting  only  the  direct  hoist  which,  however,  requires  more  power. 

The  worm  gear  hoists  so  often  used  are  extremely  wasteful  of  power  because  of 
a  loss  of  power  through  friction;  this  may  be  verified  by  any  textbook  on  the  subject, 
or  by  any  engineer.  The  mere  fact  that  with  worm  gear  type  of  carriers  the  tub  will 
not  lower  of  its  own  weight,  but  must  be  pulled  down  as  well  as  up,  shows  how  great 
the  friction  must  be  in  the  worm  gear  hoist.  When  the  brake  and  clutch  on  the  James 
Carrier  are  both  released,  the  tub  drops  almost  instantly,  running  free,  proving  how  little 
the  friction  is. 

The  frame  carrying  the  lower  sprocket  of  the  "Big  Boy”  hoist  is  adjustable  to  take  up 
any  slack  in  the  chain,  thus  making  it  possible  to  overcome  the  effect  of  any  wear  in  the 
lifting  apparatus.  Hoist  is  constructed  throughout  of  the  best  iron  and  steel.  All  bearings 
are  machined — not  merely  cored. 


56 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


57 


Simple  Chain  Guides 

Simple  chain  guides  of  malleable  prevent  the  hand  chain  running  off  the  hoist  wheel. 

“Long  Wheel  Base”  Tandem  Trucks 

Each  truck  has  two  large,  grey  iron  travelers,  mounted  tandem  in  a  swiveled  tracker 
wheel  frame,  like  the  trucks  on  a  railroad  car. 

This  arrangement  keeps  the  travelers  always  in  alignment  with  the  track,  doing  away 
with  any  tendency  to  turn  and  bind,  causing  friction  and  wear.  It  also  does  away  with 
any  tendency  to  jerk,  and  make  the  carrier  push  hard. 

Every  farmer  who  has  ever  owned  or  used  one  of  the  older  style  of  carriers  that  run 
on  a  flange  track,  with  the  tracker  wheels  side  by  side,  will  remember  distinctly  enough 
how  jerkily  and  unevenly  such  a  carrier  runs  on  the  track,  and  how  hard  it  was  to  push. 

But  how  many  have  ever  stopped  to  figure  out  the  cause  of  the  jerking  motion?  Per¬ 
haps  this  will  explain  it. 

Each  truck  of  a  carrier  is  hung  on  a  swivel,  so  that  the  carrier  will  take  the  curve.  In 
order  that  the  trucks  may  swivel,  there  must  be  some  play  in  the  swivel  joints.  When  you 
start  to  shove  the  loaded  carrier  along  the  track,  the  friction  on  the  track  flanges  causes  the 
tracker  wheels  to  lag  back — then  suddenly  the  shove  on  the  carrier  becomes  strong  enough 
to  overcome  the  friction,  when  the  tracker  wheels  jerk  forward. 

Then  they  lag  back  again — then  jerk  forward.  You  who  have  used  such  a  carrier 
know  how  hard  it  is  to  push  along  the  track,  and  how  as  the  swivel  wears  more  and  more, 
the  trouble  becomes  more  and  more  aggravating. 

This  jerkiness  is  forestalled  in  the  James  Carrier  by  means  of  the  tandem  tracker 
wheels.  For  any  of  the  tracker  wheels  on  a  James  Carrier  to  lag  back  or  jerk  forward, 
it  would  be  necessary  to  raise  either  the  front  or  the  rear  wheel.  Here’s  an  illustration: 

Take  an  ordinary  hoe,  and  hook  the  shank  over  the  track;  give  the  handle  a  shove 
parallel  with  the  track,  and  it  will  swing  back  and  forth  like  the  pendulum  of  a  clock. 

Now  take  a  two  prong  or  two  shank  garden  hoe,  and  hang  this  over  the  track  so  that 
both  shanks  touch  the  track,  giving  you  a  two-point  suspension,  the  same  as  you  have  with 
the  James  tandem  tracker  wheels.  Now  give  the  handle  a  shove  in  line  with  the  track,  it 
will  sway  back  and  forth  two  or  three  times  and  settle  into  position. 

This  is  brought  about  by  the  fact  that  in  order  to  sway,  it  is  necessary  to  raise  one 
of  the  two  points  of  suspension.  The  same  principle  applies  to  James  tandem  tracker 
wheels. 

The  tracker  wheel  axle  is  of  lathe-cut  steel,  the  journal  being  machined  and  surfaced 
to  size,  so  that  the  axle  fits  perfectly.  There  is  an  oil  pocket  around  the  axle,  which  dis¬ 
tributes  the  oil  evenly,  adding  to  the  life  of  the  carrier  and  making  it  run  more  easily  and 
smoothly.  The  oil  pocket  is  filled  through  oil  hole  in  the  hub  shown  in  the  picture. 


Keeper  Prevents  Carrier  Jumping  the  Track 

The  tracker  wheel  frame  is  so  shaped  that  it  prevents  the  carrier  from  jumping  the 
track  ;  in  fact,  the  carrier  can  be  removed  only  by  the  human  hand,  swinging  the  tracker 
wheels,  wheel  frame  and  frame  support  to  one  side  and  lifting  them  at  the  same  time. 


58 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


“Long  Life”  Tubs 

The  James  Carrier  tubs,  like  the  rest  of  James  Equipment,  are  built  to  last  throughout 
long  years  of  heavy  usage.  Although  a  tub  full  of  wet  manure  weighs  but  650  pounds, 
the  “Big  Boy”  tubs  have  been  subjected  to  a  test  of  three  times  that  weight,  without 
breaking  or  developing  any  weakness,  either  in  the  tubs  or  the  other  parts  of  the  carrier 

outfit.  The  Combination  carrier  is  of  equal  strength  in  proportion  to  the  load  which 
it  is  designed  to  carry. 

James  tubs  are  so  shaped  as  to  be  self-cleaning  when  dumped,  there  being  no  comers 
where  litter  can  collect.  Ends  of  tubs  are  rounded,  higher  than  the  sides,  making  them 
neater  in  appearance  and  providing  more  capacity.  Also  prevents  contents  of  the  tub  from 
binding  the  bail  or  clogging  the  latch  and  thus  interfering  with  the  proper  dumping. 

Liquid  manure  is  often  the  last  to  be  loaded,  and  is  apt  to  settle  at  the  ends;  the 
rounded  ends  being  higher  than  the  sides  prevent  the  liquids  from  slopping  over  the  ends 
when  you  push  carrier  along  the  track.  This  higher  rounded  end  costs  much  more  to  build, 
but  it  is  a  feature  greatly  appreciated  by  the  user,  helping  to  keep  hands,  clothes  and 
floor  clean. 

James  tubs  for  the  “Big  Boy”  carriers  are  constructed  of  18-gauge  galvanized  steel, 
well  riveted,  not  spot  welded,  to  a  framework  of  galvanized  angle  iron.  147  rivets  are 
used  on  the  tub.  The  angle  iron  at  the  side  edges  is  I  Vi  x  l  Vi  x  1/8  in.  and  at  the  ends 
24x1  J4x'/8  *n. ;  end  of  tub  reinforced  with  steel  plates  weighing  4'/2  pounds  each,  AVl  in. 
wide  by  /g,  in.  thick.  Rivets  are  in.  sherrardized,  excepting  corner  rivets  which 
are  J4  in. 

The  heavy  angle  iron  framework,  steel  plate  reinforcing  on  the  ends  and  the  heavy 
riveting  give  the  James  tubs  great  strength  and  durability,  making  the  tubs  almost  inde¬ 
structible,  and  absolutely  rigid  so  that  they  will  not  rack.  The  strength  of  these  tubs,  and 
the  superior  workmanship  put  into  them,  cannot  well  be  described;  but  can  be  appreciated 
only  on  seeing  the  tubs  themselves. 

Bail 

When  the  “Big  Boy”  carrier  is  dropped  to  the  floor,  there  is  no  horizontal  bar  in  the 
way  to  interfere  with  loading.  But  when  the  tub  is  raised,  the  bail  hangers  lock  in  position 
against  the  horizontal  shaft,  forming  a  complete  bail,  and  giving  necessary  rigidity  to 
insure  the  carrier  running  steadily  along  the  track. 

Thus  the  bail  of  the  carrier  is  in  place  only  when  a  complete  bail  is  needed,  and  is  out  of 
the  way  while  loading  the  tub. 

The  bail  hangers  are  heavy,  flat  steel  bars,  •nr  x  1  Vz  in.  with  malleable  fittings.  Being 
turned  edgeTvise  to  the  tub,  the  bail  hangers  will  not  bend  when  a  sudden  jerk  of  the  tub 
puts  strain  upon  them.  In  carriers  where  such  hangers  are  turned  flat  side  to  the  tub, 
sudden  endwise  jerking  of  the  carrier  may  bend  them,  interfering  with  the  operation  of  the 
latch  and  trip. 

Dumps  Either  Side 

Tub  can  be  dumped  to  either  side,  according  to  which  side  is  loaded  the  heavier.  This 
makes  it  easier  to  load  the  spreader  or  wagon  evenly,  and  gives  greater  dumping  area. 

The  simple  latches  at  each  end  of  the  tub  are  so  connected  as  to  lock  and  unlock 
simultaneously;  latches  are  protected  against  clogging  with  manure. 

Gudgeon 

Gudgeon  is  of  malleable,  strongly  riveted  to  the  bail  hanger.  Gudgeon  support  is 
riveted  through  the  two  thicknesses  of  galvanized  steel — the  end  of  the  tub  and  the  steel 
’•einforcing  plate — and  the  rivets  will  not  pull  through. 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


59 


Solid  Steel  Shaft 

The  shafts  used  on  all  James  Carriers  are  of  cold  rolled,  solid  steel,  1  J4  inches  in 
diameter.  The  quality  of  material  is  the  same  as  that  used  in  factories  for  line  shafting, 
where  its  strength  and  success  have  been  fully  proved. 

The  solid  steel  shaft  will  not  bend  it  may  spring  a  trifle  with  an  overload,  but  when 
the  weight  is  removed  it  immediately  springs  back  into  place. 

The  solid  steel  shaft  is  rolled  to  exact  size,  and  fits  the  bearings  and  sprocket  perfectly, 
leaving  practically  no  chance  for  any  play  and  wear.  Tubing,  on  the  other  hand,  though 
often  used  for  carrier  shafts,  is  not  suited  to  the  purpose,  because  it  varies  in  size,  and  can¬ 
not  be  made  to  fit  accurately;  and  because  tubing  once  bent,  remains  bent. 


Lifting  Chain 

The  lifting  chain  or  cable  is  the  weakest  point  in  many  carriers  —  the  limited  winding 
space  on  the  shaft  making  it  necessary  to  use  smell  chain  or  cable  of  insufficient  strength. 

The  lifting  chain  on  James  Carriers  has  the  full  length  of  the  shaft  on  which  to  wind; 
heavy,  straight  link  chain  is  used,  this  being  strongest  and  best  suited  to  the  purpose. 

It  is  attached  to  the  center  of  the  shaft  and  winds  up  in  such  a  way  that  it  forms  an 
open  spiral  —  the  chain  does  not  climb  upon  itself,  causing  it  to  rub  and  wear.  Chain  is 
tested  for  five  times  the  load  it  will  have  to  carry. 

The  three  point  suspension  distributes  the  load  equally  along  the  shaft;  and  gives  a 
double  purchase,  making  it  easier  to  raise  the  tub. 

High  Lift  Feature 

The  long  winding  space  on  the  shaft  makes  it  easy  to  transform  the  carrier  into  a  high 

lift  carrier,  by  merely  putting  on  longer  lifting  chains.  There  is  plenty  of  room  on  the 

shaft  for  all  the  chain  required  for  any  ordinary  height  of  ceiling. 

The  James  Carrier  tubs  raise  closer  to  the  track  than  others,  thus  ofttimes  avoiding 

the  necessity  of  excavating  when  there  is  a  rise  of  ground  just  outside  the  door;  the  carrier 
more  readily  clears  the  spreader  or  wagon,  and  the  manure  can  be  piled  higher  when  it  is 
necessary  to  let  it  accumulate  in  the  yard. 

The  “Big  Boy”  Carrier  with  tub,  in  raised  position,  measures  but  three  feet  from 
bottom  of  track  to  bottom  of  tub. 

Removable  Track  Sections 

Used  to  permit  closing  of  sliding  doors;  also  used  where  two  tracks  cross,  and  for 
other  necessary  openings.  When  removed,  automatically  sets  stop  blocks,  making  it  im¬ 
possible  for  a  carrier  to  run  off  the  open  ends  of  the  track. 

Standard  length  is  fourteen  inches,  but  for  driveways,  etc.,  can  be  supplied  any  length. 


I-Beam  Track 

(PATENTED) 

The  James  Track  has  many  important  advantages  not  possessed  by  other  tracks. 

In  the  first  place,  it  can  be  quickly  and  easily  put  up,  even  by  inexperienced  help — 
in  fact,  is  easier  to  erect  than  any  rod  track.  And  once  in  place,  it  is  there  to  stav. 


60  THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


Solid  Steel  Shaft  and  Lifting  Chain  —  less  than  actual  size 


Actual  size  of  shaft 


Splice  Block  for  James  I-Beam  Track 


James  I-Beam  Track  —  actual  size 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


61 


There  is  nothing  about  it  that  will  give,  spread,  loosen  or  get  out  of  order;  it  is  trouble 
proof — and  will  stand  up  under  long  years  of  heavy  service. 

No  bolts  or  nuts  are  required  for  putting  track  and  hangers  together.  The  hangers 
“button”  to  the  track  and  the  nailing  plates  “button”  to  the  hanger,  the  plates  being  nailed 
to  the  joists.  If  the  barn  is  ceiled,  ceiling  plates  with  lag  screws  are  used  instead  of  nailing 
plates.  The  few  simple  instructions  sent  with  each  order,  enable  any  one  to  get  a  first- 
class  job,  with  the  track  perfectly  levelled. 

James  I-Beam  track  saves  the  cost  of  special  curves.  The  track  may  be  quickly  and 
easily  bent  to  any  curve  while  it  is  being  put  up  in  the  barn — heat  is  not  required  to  do 
the  bending.  As  several  curves  are  often  necessary  in  a  barn,  and  as  these  curves  cost 
several  dollars  apiece  when  ordinary  flange  track  is  purchased,  this  saving  is  no  small  item; 
and  is  a  very  big  one  if  the  track  is  for  a  round  barn. 

Many  litter  carriers  use  a  track  that  is  not  at  all  adapted  to  the  litter  carrier.  A  track 
that  is  flat  has  but  little  strength  vertically. 

When  used  outside  the  barn,  snow  and  sleet  accumulate  on  the  flat  surface,  blocking 
the  carrier  wheels.  Before  the  carrier  can  be  used  outside,  the  snow  or  ice  must  be  cleared 
from  the  track  by  melting  or  scraping  it  off — and  this  is  no  easy  task,  for  the  track  is  up 
high.  Inside  the  barn,  a  flat  track  allows  the  dirt  to  accumulate. 

The  James  Track  is  different.  Its  narrow  tread  affords  no  place  for  snow  or  sleet  or 
dirt  to  collect — no  sleet  storm  will  put  it  out  of  use  just  when  you  need  it  most,  in  the 
disagreeable  weather. 

The  narrow  tread  of  the  James  track  offers  little  resistance  to  the  travellers;  there 
being  little  friction  surface,  the  carrier  runs  easily. 

Track  being  one  piece  cannot  spread  and  bind  the  tracker  wheels. 

The  depth  of  the  track  and  its  heavy  flanges  at  top  and  bottom  make  the  James 
track  stiff — it  does  not  spring  under  heavy  loads.  This  in  part  accounts  for  the  ease 
with  which  big  loads  are  handled  on  it.  Any  track  without  the  necessary  vertical 
strength  will  spring,  making  “low  spots”  in  between  hangers;  and  the  carrier  will  push 
hard  and  jerkily. 

The  depth  gives  it  long  life  because  of  the  greater  thickness  of  wearing  surface;  when 
the  upper  bead  has  worn  thin,  if  it  ever  does,  track  can  be  turned  edge  for  edge,  the 
bottom  bead  forming  new  running  surface.  It  will  be  giving  satisfactory  service  many 
years  after  ordinary  flat  track  has  gone  to  the  junk  pile. 

In  fact,  James  track  meets  every  condition  required  of  a  litter  carrier  equipment  in 
any  barn ;  it  may  be  hung  high  or  low,  and  run  wherever  there  is  room  for  the  tub  to  pass. 

The  track  is  shaped  like  a  railroad  rail  and  for  just  the  same  reason.  When  the 
first  railroad  was  constructed,  a  flat  track  was  used,  and  soon  abandoned  for  the  present 
shape,  in  order  to  secure  greater  strength,  longer  wear  and  an  even  running  surface. 

It  is  heavy  at  the  points  of  greatest  strain.  The  weight  on  top  puts  the  compression 
strain  where  the  track  is  heavy;  and  the  pulling  strain  where  the  track  is  just  as  strong. 
The  compression  strain  and  the  pulling  strain  neutralize  each  other  at  the  center  of  the 
track — less  strength  is  required  there,  and  hence  that  part  of  the  track  is  made  lighter. 
Every  particle  of  metal  helps  to  support  the  load,  and  the  James  track  is  therefore  many 
times  stronger  than  other  types  of  track  of  equal  weight. 

Made  of  high  carbon  steel,  same  as  a  railroad  rail;  two  inches  deep;  is  easily  put 
together  with  the  channel  steel  splice  bars  and  fa  in.  bolts — the  track  will  not  come  apart 
and  the  joints  will  not  give  or  sag.  Holes  in  the  track  are  two  inches  apart  on  centers. 


Fig.  1 


Fig.  6 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


63 


James  Track  Hangers 

(PATENTED) 

We  call  them  the  “button-on”  hangers,  because  of  the  peculiar  shape  which  does  away 
with  the  use  of  bolts  and  nuts  for  attaching  the  hangers  to  the  track. 

In  putting  up  the  track,  the  hangers  “button  on” — you  put  the  button  of  the  hanger 
through  the  hole  in  the  track,  slip  the  nailing  plate  through  hole  in  the  hanger,  turn  to 
position  desired  and  fasten  to  joist  or  ceiling.  (See  Figs.  I,  2  and  3,  page  62.) 

Nailing  plates  (Fig.  3)  or  nailing  plates  with  extension  bolts  (Fig.  5)  are  used  for 
attaching  to  joists.  If  the  barn  is  ceiled,  ceiling  plates  with  extension  bolts  (Fig.  4)  of 
proper  length  are  used  with  the  hangers. 

For  the  “Big  Boy,”  the  Combination  Carrier,  the  Swill  Carrier  and  the  Feed  Carrier, 
but  the  one  style  of  hanger  is  required.  Various  lengths  of  extension  bolts  make  it  easy  to 
drop  the  track  any  distance  from  the  ceiling.  And  with  either  nailing  plates  or  ceiling 
plates,  it  is  a  simple  matter  to  level  the  track  perfectly.  No  bolts  being  used  in  attaching 
hangers  to  the  track,  there  are  no  nuts  to  rattle  loose  or  come  off — the  track  is  held  firmly. 

STOP  BLOCK:  There  is  no  extra  cost  for  special  stop  blocks,  none  being  required. 
Any  hanger  inserted  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  track  from  the  other  hangers  acts  as  a 
stop  block,  as  well  as  supporting  the  track.  The  stop  block,  being  “buttoned  on,”  cannot 
work  loose — making  it  impossible  for  the  carrier  to  run  off  the  end  of  the  track. 

Made  of  best  malleable  iron — they  will  not  break. 

Fdangers  should  be  used  not  more  than  32  inches  apart. 


64 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


James  Safety  Switches  for  Big  Boy  Carrier 

(PATENTED) 

Anyone  who  has  had  experience  with  the  unsatisfactory  devices  used  in  the  past  for 
transferring  a  carrier  from  one  section  of  track  to  another  section,  will  appreciate  the 
James  Safety  Switch. 

It  can  be  operated  conveniently  from  below,  no  matter  how  high  the  track  is  hung; 
a  pull  on  the  chain  unlocks  the  switch  and  transfers  to  the  other  track,  at  the  same  time 
setting  stop  blocks  across  the  open  ends;  there  is  never  any  possibility  of  a  James  Carrier 
running  off  the  track,  for  a  projection  on  the  switch  arm  blocks  the  open  tracks.  When 
the  pull  on  the  chain  is  released,  the  switch  automatically  locks  in  place. 

The  James  Safety  Switch  is  the  simplest,  surest  and  easiest  in  operation;  being  con¬ 
structed  of  best  iron,  it  is  strong  and  durable.  Switches  are  reversible,  and  either  two- 
way  or  three-way  switches  are  furnished ;  both  operate  in  the  same  manner. 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


65 


Can  be  operated  conveniently  from  below,  no  matter  how  high 
the  track  is  hung;  a  pull  on  the  chain  unlocks  the  switch  and  transfers 
to  the  other  track,  at  the  same  time  setting  stop  blocks  across  the  open  ends, 
there  is  never  any  possibility  of  a  James  Carrier  running  off  the  track.  When 
the  pull  on  the  chain  is  released,  the  switch  automatically  locks  in  place. 


Safety  Switches  for  Combination  Carrier 

(PATENTED) 


The  James  Safety  Switch  is  the  simplest,  surest  and  easiest  in  operation;  being  con¬ 
structed  of  best  iron,  it  is  strong  and  durable.  Either  two-way  or  three-way  switches 
are  furnished;  both  operate  in  the  same  manner. 


66 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


\A 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


67 


James  Ventilators  with  Solid  Hoods 

They  are  built  on  strictly  scientific  prin¬ 
ciples,  made  of  the  same  high  quality  ma¬ 
terials. 

The  inverted  cone  “A,”  Fig.  1,  turns  the 
air  rising  from  the  outtake  flues  outward 
and  upward.  There  is  no  opportunity  for 
the  outflowing  current  of  air  to  turn  back 
upon  itself,  cause  eddies,  choke  the  flue,  or 
interfere  in  any  way  with  the  free  escape  of 
air.  The  storm  band  and  the  skirts  keep 
out  snow  and  rain  and  make  the  ventilator  proof 
against  the  wind. 

All  openings  are  protected  by  galvanized  bird- 
proof  netting. 

The  24-inch  and  30-inch  ventilators  with  base  as  shown  on  page  68,  may 
be  had  also  with  weather  vane. 


Fig.  1 

James  Solid  Hood  Ventilator 


SPECIFICATIONS 


(See  Opposite  Page) 

1 .  Heavy  galvanized  finial. 

2.  Heavy  galvanized  cone. 

3.  Inverted  inner  cone.  Turns  air  currents  out  and  up. 

4.  Heavy  steel  wiring  amply  strengthening  storm  band,  on  sizes  above  18-in.  diameter. 

On  sizes  1  8-in.  or  less,  edge  of  storm  band  is  folded  and  compressed. 

5.  Heavy  galvanized  storm  band.  This  band  with  skirts  inside  to  keep  out  rain  and 

snow. 

6.  Heavy  beading  stiffening  and  strengthening  storm  band. 

7.  Skirt  greatly  assists  in  aiding  the  draft. 

8.  Heavy  galvanized  upper  round  body. 

9.  Special  bolts  and  nuts  for  fastening  upper  round  body  to  lower  round  body. 

(Round  body  can  be  lengthened  by  inserting  the  desired  length  of  tube  at  this 
joint.) 

I  0.  Heavy  galvanized  lower  round  body. 

i  1 .  Special  alloy  non-corrosive  rivets  used  throughout  the  entire  structure. 

I  2.  Standing  seams  used  to  strengthen  body. 

1 3.  Galvanized  flashing,  so  constructed  as  to  leave  the  least  work  for  the  workman 
when  placing  the  ventilator  on  the  roof. 

Heavy  galvanized  combination  lower  body  and  base  used  in  mounting  ventilator  on 
flat  roofs  or  on  ridge  of  pitched  roofs. 


14. 


68 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


Adjuster  for 
Outtake 

Length  18  inches 


James  Registers 


Window  Ventilator  Closed 


Mrs*  ■- 

immw 


■ 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


69 


James  Window  Ventilators 

For  use  where  the  fresh  air  enters  the  barn  through  vertical  windows.  The  windows 
need  not  be  hinged  at  the  bottom;  James  Window  Ventilators  when  the  windows  are 
tilted  in,  throw  the  fresh  air  up  against  the  ceiling,  diffusing  it  and  prevent  the  air  entering 
the  barn  at  the  sides  of  the  open  windows. 

Furnished  with  a  device  that  permits  locking  of  the  window  in  any  of  the  five  positions, 
thus  controlling  the  amount  of  air  admitted;  this  holds  the  window  solid  and  prevents 
the  wind  from  knocking  it  back  and  forth. 

James  Registers 

(For  Intakes  Only) 

The  James  registers  are  designed  specifically  for  barn  ventilation  purposes.  Registers 
made  of  cast  iron  have  two  serious  objections:  the  metal  takes  up  too  much  room  in  the 
opening,  cutting  down  the  effective  area;  in  the  second  place  the  cast  iron  registers  are 
too  quickly  affected  by  the  moisture  usually  found  in  the  dairy  stable. 

The  wire  mesh  of  the  James  register  gives  far  greater  effective  opening  and  the  register 
being  galvanized  throughout  is  not  affected  by  moisture. 

The  complete  register  is  equipped  with  a  “tell-tale”  device  that  permits  fastening  the 
register  open  in  several  positions ;  a  glance  down  the  row  of  registers  at  the  tell-tales  shows 
which  registers  are  open  and  how  much. 

Register  faces  (designed  for  outside  intakes  only)  are  regularly  furnished  8  in.  x 
8  in.,  1  0  in.  x  10  in.,  6  in.  x  14  in.,  8  in.  x  14  in.,  1  0  in.  x  14  in.,  I  4  in.  x  14  in. 

The  complete  registers  are  furnished  in  sizes:  8  in.  x  8  in.,  1  0  in.  x  10  in.,  14  in. 
x  1  4  in. 

The  1  4  in.  x  14  in.  complete  register  is  recommended  for  use  where  the  intake  flues 
open  into  the  stable — that  is,  in  the  ceiling  or  side  wall  near  the  ceiling.  This  size 
being  larger  than  the  intake  flues,  reduces  the  high  velocity  of  the  incoming  air,  drafts  are 
lessened  and  better  diffusion  of  the  fresh  air  secured. 

The  8  in.  x  8  in.  and  1  0  in.  x  10  in.  registers  are  intended  for  concrete,  brick  and 
hollow  tile  wall  and  under  conditions  where  there  are  but  a  few  head  of  stock. 

Adjuster 

Adjuster  for  opening  an  outtake  flue.  (See  illustration,  opposite  page.) 


70 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


James  Ventilators,  Sunny  Hog  Barn  of  F.  C.  Bunte,  farm  at  Barrington,  Ill. 


Sunny  Hog  Barn,  Mrs.  Mary  Greek,  DeKalb,  Ill. 


Sunny  Hog  Barn,  T.  K.  Maher,  farm  at  Elyria,  Ohio. 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


71 


James  Floor  Scraper 

At  last,  you  can  obtain  a  floor  scraper  that  will  actually  clean. 

The  home-made  scrapers  and  those  which  have  been  placed  on  the  market  heretofore 
chatter,  jump  and  slide  over  the  manure.  They  don’t  hug  the  floor. 


Made  in  24-in.  and 
1  5-in.  widths. 


The  design  and  shape  of  the  James  Scraper  is  such  that  it  gets  right  down  under  the 

manure  and  clings  to  the  floor.  No  matter 
whether  you  push  down  hard  or  shove  it 
gently,  it  sticks.  The  harder  you  push,  the 
deeper  it  digs.  It  is  correct  in  principle. 


For  cleaning  the  walk  and  floor  of  the 
hog  barn,  the  James  Scraper  is  unexcelled. 
Its  great  width  of  straight  edge  makes  quick 
work.  It  does  work  that  cannot  be  done 
satisfactorily  with  a 
shovel,  taking  off  all 
the  dirt  and  leaving 
the  cement  floor  clean 
so  that  animals  are 
not  liable  to  slip  as 
they  come  in  or  leave 
the  barn. 


The  James  scraper 
is  also  unexcelled  for 
removing  packed 
snow  or  ice  from 
cement  walks,  and 
for  the  cleaning  of 
city  pavements. 


The  floor  scraper 
blades  are  made  of 
high  carbon  shovel 
steel  and  will  wear  a 
long  time;  castings  of 
best  malleable  rivet¬ 
ed  to  blades  by  pow¬ 
erful  pressure  and 
bolted  to  handle; 
handles  of  second- 
growth  ash  thoroughly  seasoned,  tough, 
strong  and  smooth.  All  metal  parts  given 
a  coat  of  black  paint. 


72 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


James  Hog  Trough 

(PATENT  APPLIED  FOR) 


Clean  water  and  sanitary  feed  are 
necessary  for  the  good  health  of  hogs. 

The  James  Hog  Trough  is  easy  to  clean 
and  easy  to  keep  clean.  It  is  so  designed 
that  the  hogs  may  get  all  the  liquid.  If  any 
liquid  should  be  left  in  the  trough  in  cold 
weather,  no  damage  will  be  done  to  the 
trough  because  of  its  V-shaped  bottom  and 
flaring  sides,  for  the  expansion  of  the  form¬ 
ing  ice  will  be  upward  and  not  against  the 
sides. 

The  trough  is  built  of  1 8-gauge  gal¬ 
vanized  sheet  steel,  ends  are  lock  seamed, 
with  reinforcing  plates  on  the  corners;  angle  iron  dividers  across  the  trough  at  intervals  of 
12  in.,  riveted  to  the  galvanized  sheets.  These  angle  iron  dividers  are  so  strong  that 
a  man  can  stand  on  them  without  bending  them;  they  not  only  give  the  trough  great 
rigidity  and  strength  so  that  it  cannot  wrack,  but  they  also  separate  the  hogs,  keeping 
any  one  hog  from  monopolizing  the  entire  trough.  Hogs  can’t  tip  the  trough. 


The  legs  and  end  frame  of  the  trough  are  of  best  malleable,  fastened  to  the  trough 
with  heavy  rivets. 

The  James  Trough  is  the  most  economical  trough  to  buy,  as  it  costs  but  little  more 
than  a  wooden  trough  and  will  outlast  many  built  of  wood. 


and  four  will  cover  exactly  one  square  foot 


Cork  Brick  Flooring 

Cork  Brick  makes  an  excellent  floor  in 
the  hog  pen,  or  as  the  floor  for  the  sleeping 
quarters. 

Concrete  is  cold,  which  is  bad  for  the 
little  pigs.  Wood  is  not  sanitary. 

Cork  brick,  however,  is  thoroughly  sani¬ 
tary,  warm  to  the  touch,  easy  under  foot, 
not  slippery,  wet  or  dry,  durable  in  service 
and  easy  to  install. 

Cork  Brick  consists  of  finely  granulated 
cork  and  refined  asphalt,  heated  and 
thoroughly  mixed,  then  molded  under  pres¬ 
sure  into  brick  form.  They  are  laid  flat 
of  surface. 


Cork  Brick  is  non-absorbent  and  easy  to  keep  clean.  The  materials  of  which  they 
are  composed — cork  and  asphalt — are  both  practically  non-absorbent.  The  pressure  to 
which  the  brick  is  subjected  in  the  process  of  manufacture  is  sufficient  to  eliminate  all 
voids,  air  holes,  etc. 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


73 


Even  when  submerged  in  water  for  three  days  a  cork  brick  absorbs  less  than  2  per 
cent  by  weight — a  percentage  so  small  as  to  be  practically  negligible.  In  making  this 
test,  all  six  surfaces  of  the  brick  were  in  contact  with  water,  whereas  in  actual  service 
only  the  top  is  exposed. 

The  joints  in  a  cork  brick  floor  are  tight,  being  sealed  with  Portland  cement.  They 
remain  sealed  because  the  brick  does  not  contract  or  expand  appreciably  within  ordinary 
ranges  of  temperature.  The  surface  of  the  cork  brick  floor  is  smooth,  but  not  slippery,  and 
it  can,  therefore,  be  quickly  and  thoroughly  cleaned.  Urine  and  manure  do  not  affect 
it  in  the  least. 


Cork  brick  is  warm  to  the  touch.  Cork  itself  is  an  excellent  non-conductor  of  heat. 
That  is  the  reason  it  is  employed  so  extensively  as  a  packing  around  ice  boxes  and  for  the 
insulation  of  cold  storage  rooms.  Cork  brick  consists  chiefly  of  finely  ground  cork — 
70%  by  volume.  This  accounts  for  the  fact  that  a  cork  brick  floor  is  four  times  more 
effective  as  a  protection  against  cold  than  a  concrete  or  damp  wood  floor  of  the  same 
thickness.  numeasai 


Cork  brick  is  not  slippery  — 
wet  or  dry.  Friction  clutches  for 
automobiles,  elevators  and  other 
machinery  are  often  made  of  cork. 
It  is  no  wonder,  therefore,  that 
cork  brick  floors  always  give  a 
good  foothold  —  wet  or  dry. 


Steel  Channels 
for  Wood 
Pens 

To  be  attached  to  wood  posts. 

The  use  of  these  channels 
makes  it  possible  to  easily  and 
quickly  remove  the  plank  parti¬ 
tions  should  that  at  any  time  be 
desirable,  size  2"  by  1  Y2"  No.  12 
gauge,  any  length  required. 


74 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


The  James  Composition  Columns 

The  James  Composition  Columns  overcome  all  the  objections  to  the  old-style  wood 
columns.  They  have  strength  with  neatness — the  wood  columns  to  have  equal  strength 
must  be  three  times  the  size. 

Light  in  the  hog  barn  is  of  the  greatest  importance — for  light  kills  disease  germs;  it 
is  the  best  disinfectant.  The  heavy  wood  supporting  columns  tend  to  keep  the  light 
out;  James  columns,  because  of  the  smaller  size,  let  the  daylight  in. 

The  wood  columns  collect  dust — the  cracks  and  rough  surfaces  offering  refuge  to 
countless  germs.  The  surface  of  the  James  columns  is  a  smooth  enamel  coat — no  place 
for  dust  and  germs.  If  necessary,  easily  disinfected. 

The  appearance  of  the  James  columns  harmonizes  with  modern  steel  pens;  the  cost 
of  the  columns  is  justified  for  appearance’s  sake  alone. 

The  saving  in  space  by  the  use  of  the  James  columns  is  very  considerable.  The 
James  columns  so  fit  in  with  the  pens  that  no  room  is  lost,  nor  any  discomfort  caused  the 
animals.  The  3'/2-inch  James  column,  for  example,  has  a  safe  carrying  capacity  equiva¬ 
lent  to  an  oak  or  a  yellow  pine  post  3  in.  x  5  in.,  or  a  white  pine  post  6  in.  square. 

The  3J/2-inch  James  column  has  a  cross  section  of  1  1  inches  as  compared  with  25 
square  inches  cross  section  of  the  oak  or  yellow  pine  post  and  36  square  inches  of  the 
white  pme  post. 


James  Sunny  Hog  Barn,  on  farm  of  Mr.  F.  C.  Bunte  at  Barrington,  Ill.  Note  use  of  James  Columns. 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


75 


From  this  it  will  be  seen  that  the  James  column  of  equal  strength  takes  about  1  / 3 
the  space  occupied  by  the  wood  column.  At  the  same  time,  the  James  column  has 
less  than  half  the  surface  of  a  wooden  column  of  equal  strength,  which  is  an  item  worth 
consideration  when  it  comes  to  painting  or  cleaning. 

Wood  columns  set  on  cement  floor  ofttimes  rot  out  in  three  or  four  years.  The 
frequent  replacement  of  wood  columns  under  these  conditions  makes  the  James  columns 
cost  far  less  in  the  long  run. 


When  arranging  your  floor  plan,  it  is  important  that  the  supporting  columns  be  cor¬ 
rectly  spaced.  Otherwise,  the  location  of  the  columns,  whether  of  wood  or  of  steel, 
may  interfere  seriously  when  you  come  to  put  in  pens.  If  you  will  write  us,  we  will 
tell  you  how  best  to  locate  the  supporting  columns  in  your  barn.  State  inside  dimen¬ 
sions  of  the  stable  and  number  of  animals  to  be  provided  for. 


James  Composition  Columns  are  made  up  of  new  hot  rolled,  seamless,  high-pressure  boiler 
tube,  straight  and  clean  as  a  new  gun  barrel.  They  are  filled  with  a  secret  formula,  the 
main  ingredients  of  which  are  red  granite,  torpedo  washed  sand  and  Portland  cement. 


Beware  of  columns  not  properly  filled.  Concrete  shrinks  in  hardening 
and  tends  to  leave  a  slight  space  next  to  the  steel  shell,  weakening  the 
strength  of  the  column.  The  James  process  of  filling  the  columns  offsets 
this  shrinking  tendency,  as  well  as  avoiding  air  pockets  and  sponginess, 
which  would  give  rust  a  chance  to  attack  the  column  from  the  inside. 

Prices  on  James  Columns  should  not  be 
compared  with  columns  made  from  inferior 
materials;  or  from  second-hand  boiler  tubes, 
because  of  the  danger  of  such  tubes  having 
rusted  thin  in  spots. 

Furnished  regularly  in  the  sizes  given  in 
the  following  table: 


Comparison  of  space 
occupied  by  6x6  w  hite 
pine  post  and  a  James 
column  of  same  weight 
carrying  capacity. 


Table  of  James  Columns,  their  Capacities  and 
Equivalents  in  Wood  Columns 


Safe  carrying  capacity  in  tons  of  James  Steel  Columns 

6  Ft.  7  Ft.  8  Ft.  Sy2  Ft.  9  Ft. 

Outside  Length  Length  Length  Length  Length  EQUIVALENT  TO 


Diameter 

Tons 

Tons 

Tons 

Tons 

Tons 

White  Pine  Yellow  Pine  Oak 

33'6-in. 

9 

8‘A 

8% 

8 

7% 

6x  6  in. 

5x5  in.  5x5 

in. 

43'6-in. 

14 

13  % 

13 

12% 

12% 

8x  8  in. 

6x8  in.  6x8 

in. 

5  -in. 

20% 

20 

19% 

19% 

19 

8xlU  in. 

8x8  in.  8x8 

in. 

V*  (Buaraute*  SliaKSt' 

plete  satisfaction  with  the  service  of  the  equipment  in 
actual  use  if  our  simple  instructions  are  followed. 

We  make  this  strong  guarantee  for  mutual  protection. 
If  there  should  be  a  fault  in  ang  of  our  goods,  causing 
dissatisfaction  on  the  part  of  the  huger,  we  could  not 
afford  to  have  him  keep  the  equipment. 

His  dissatisfaction  would  become  our  loss.  We  are, 
therefore,  anxious  to  return  the  purchase  price  to  ang 
huger  of  our  goods  tvho  is  not  fu/lg  satisfied,  if  we  are 
at  fault  in  ang  wag. 

Remember  that  this  guarantee  not  onlg  covers  the 
qualitg  of  material  and  workmanship;  but  the  demon¬ 
stration  in  gour  own  barn  must  prove  our  claims  of 
superioritg  or  we  want  the  goods,  and  gou  get  gour 
moneg  back  if  gou  have  paid  for  them. 

OUR  TERMS:  Net  Cash.  No  Discounts. 

This  guarantee  applies  to  everg  equipment,  no  matter 
whether  purchased  from  us  direct  or  through  our  repre¬ 
sentative.  We  make  it  good  direct  to  gou  in  either  case. 

JAMES  MANUFACTURING  CO 


V* 


(}■*'  '  • 
NlrsS' 


President 

Vice-President 


Secretary  &  General  Manager 


THE  JAMES  WAY  HOG  BARN  BOOK 


77 


The  James  Manufacturing  Company 

For  more  than  ten  years  the  James  Manufacturing  Company  has  been  making  equip¬ 
ment  for  the  dairy  barn.  So  practical  and  so  efficient  has  this  labor  saving  equipment 
proven,  that  the  business  has  grown,  in  this  brief  space  of  time,  to  the  greatest  of  its  kind  in 
the  world.  This,  too,  in  the  face  of  intense  competition  of  long  established  concerns. 

Now  the  James  Way — the  same  practical  knowledge  of  farm  needs,  the  same  high 
standards  of  quality  and  workmanship,  the  same  practical  inventiveness — has  been  ap¬ 
plied  to  the  solving  of  problems  in  the  hog  barn. 

This  catalog  tells  the  story  of  the  profit-making  labor-saving  James  Way  of  caring 
for  hogs — points  out  how  sanitary  conditions  may  be  maintained — how  work  and  time 
can  be  saved — how  losses  through  old  methods  of  doing  the  barn  work  may  be  stopped. 

That  you  may  know  something  of  the  Company,  and  of  the  men  who  stand  back  of 
the  James  “Golden  Rule”  guarantee,  we  ask  you  to  read  the  brief  history  of  these  men 
which  follows  and  the  statements  of  the  Fort  Atkinson  Banks  presented  on  the  following 
pages. 

The  President  of  the  Company,  Charles  Perry  Goodrich,  well  known  especially  to  dairy 
men  throughout  the  United  States,  is  one  of  the  tew  men  in  America  who  has  received  a 
testimonial  from  the  University  of  Wisconsin  on  account  of  “Services  rendered  to  Agri¬ 
culture  and  Related  Branches.”  As  President  of  this  Company  Mr.  Goodrich  is  still 
in  the  work  of  bettering  conditions  in  agriculture. 

He  is  also  Vice-President  of  the  Northwestern  Manufacturing  Company,  known 
everywhere  for  their  high  standing  in  the  manufacture  of  superior  buggies,  carriages  and 
furniture. 

Mr.  H.  H.  Curtis,  our  Vice-President,  is  engaged  in  large  business  enterprises  and 
is  also  in  the  farming  business  in  a  practical  way,  operating  a  farm  near  Fort  Atkinson. 
He  is  well  known  at  home  and  abroad  as  a  successful  business  man  in  the  best  sense  of 
the  term. 

Mr.  W.  D.  James,  Secretary  and  General  Manager,  was  born  and  raised  on  a  farm; 
and  as  boy  and  man  became  thoroughly  familiar  with  the  business  of  farming.  His 
genius  as  an  inventor  has  solved  and  is  solving  many  of  the  problems  and  difficulties 
of  the  business,  making  the  life  of  the  average  farmer  easier  and  farming  profits  bigger. 

His  name  is  associated  inseparably  with  progress  in  barn  architecture  and  in  methods 
of  handling  barn  work.  He  is  regarded  by  leading  farmers  throughout  the  country  as 
an  authority  on  barn  construction. 

From  the  very  first  “Service,  Merit  and  Quality”  has  been  the  keynote  of  the  business. 
All  the  men  associated  with  this  Company  are  in  the  business  with  a  sincere  desire  to  aid 
in  the  upbuilding  of  agriculture,  to  help  the  average  farmer  improve  conditions  in  his 
barn  and  secure  greater  money  rewards  for  his  labor. 


\ 


C1T/ZEN5  STATE  fiANK 


Fort  Atkinson  Savings  Bank 

CAPITAL  $40,000.00 

#  FORT  ATKINSON.  WIS. 

March  1st,  1914. 

To  the  Public :- 

The  James  Manufacturing  Company  Is 
one  of  the  most  enterprising  concerns  in  our  city, 
and  we  understand  is  the  largest  exclusive  barn 
equipment  manufacturer  in  the  world.  It  was  or¬ 
ganized  a  little  over  seven  years  ago. 

This  Company  has  had  a  very  remark¬ 
able  growth,  a  considerable  addition  to  its  plant 
having  been  required  almost  every  year.  It  is  now 
doing  business  throughout  the  United  States  and  in 
many  foreign  countries,  and  from  all  sources  we 
hear  only  words  of  commendation  for  the  Company, 
and  its  methods  of  business. 

The  management  is  well  and  favorably 
regarded  in  our  city,  and  is  composed  of  men  of 
sterling  worth,  honor  and  integrity. 

Respec  tfully , 

Fort  Atkinson  Savings  Bank. 


This  bank  has  fifty  farmer 3  as  part  owners. 


7hlt  f  |  n< 


SuMiui.  *16  000 


The  First  National  Bank 


No.  1ST 

ORGANIZED  1863 


FORT  ATKINSON,  WIS. 

March  1st,  1914. 


To  Whom  It  May  Concern: - 

Te  take  pleasure  in  saying  that  the 
■Janes  Manuf acturing  Company  is  and  has  been  a 
valued  customer  of  ours  since  its  organization 
seven  years  ago. 

We  are  personally  acquainted  with  the 
directors  of  the  Company,  as  well  as  the  gentle¬ 
man  in  charge  of  the  active  management  of  the 
business,  and  we  know  them  to  be  men  who  take 
pride  in  carrying  out  their  promises  and  agree¬ 
ments  to  the  letter. 

The  Secretary  and  General  Manager,  . 

Mr.  W.  D..  James,  was  born  and  brought  up  on  a  dairy 
farm  and  has  throughout  his  life  been  engaged  in 
the  dairy  business  or  in  business  closely  related 
to  dairy  farming. 

The  men  managing  the  business  seem  to 
have  an  unusual  understanding  of  the  essentials 
in  the  care  of  dairy  cattle;  and  have  a  wide  reputa¬ 
tion  as  experts  in  designing  sanitary  dairy  barn9. 

It  is  a  recognized  fact  by  those  who  are 
in  position  to  know  that  the  Jame3  Manufacturing 
Company  has  done  a  great  work  towards  bettering  the 
conditions  of  dairying  in  general  throughout  the 
United  States. 

We  very  gladly  recommend  this  Company  as 
reliable  and  ’worthy  of  confidence  in  every  way. 


The  James  Way  Dairy  Barn  Book 


This  book  shows  how  to  build  and  equip 
a  practical,  up-to-date  dairy  barn. 

For  years,  Mr.  James  and  his  barn  plan¬ 
ning  experts  have  made  a  careful  study  of 
dairy  barns — not  only  how  they  should  be 
equipped — but  how  they  should  be  con¬ 
structed,  lighted,  ventilated  and  drained — 
how  they  should  be  designed  and  arranged 
to  be  most  profitable  to  the  owner. 

They  have  personally  visited  thousands  of 
dairymen,  have  inspected  their  barns  and 
consulted  with  them  regarding  the  features 
most  essential  to  a  practical  dairy  stable. 

They  have  talked  with  tens  of  thousands 
of  other  practical  dairymen  on  the  same 
subject  at  Dairy  Shows  and  Fairs. 

Every  year  they  furnish  plans  from  which 
are  built  hundreds  of  splendid  dairy  barns 
and  are  called  upon  to  solve  the  barn  prob¬ 
lems  of  thousands  of  other  farmers  through 
correspondence  and  personal  consultation 
in  our  office. 

This  book  not  only  gives  information  re¬ 
garding  the  James  Barn  Equipment,  but 


speaks  fully  of  the  fundamentals  of  dairy 
barns;  construction  of  plank  frame  bams; 
the  best  system  of  ventilation  and  its  in¬ 
stallation;  proper  width  and  arrangement 
of  bam;  lighting;  stable  floors  and  their 
construction;  information  regarding  site, 
size,  appearance,  design  and  drainage,  to¬ 
gether  with  a  number  of  barn  plans  and 
other  information  of  interest  to  contractors 
and  farmers  who  expect  to  build  new  dairy 
bams  or  remodel  old  ones. 

336  pages,  with  scores  of  pictures  of  barn 
interiors  and  exteriors,  with  many  pages  of 
blue  prints. 

How  to  Get  the  Book 

We  will  send  it  free  postpaid  to  any 
dairy  farmer  who  asks  for  it,  providing  he 
tells  us  how  many  dairy  cows  he  owns, 
when  he  intends  to  build,  remodel  or  equip 
a  dairy  barn. 

If  you  already  have  this  book,  tell  those 
of  your  neighbors  who  might  be  interested 
and  how  they  may  obtain  it. 


JAMES  MANUFACTURING  CO. 

FT.  ATKINSON,  WIS.  ELMIRA,  N.  Y.  CHICAGO  MINNEAPOLIS 


